2024屆高考英語二輪熱點復習訓練:語法單選題系列43(提高篇)
語法單選題系列43(提高篇)
1.The human body consists of organs, each ____a definite job to do.
A. have
B. to have
C. has
D. having
【答案】D
【解析】考查獨立主格結構。獨立主格結構是由名詞+其它成分構成,不是句子,但是作用相當于句子。本題兩部分之間沒有連詞,說明后半部分不是句子,而是短語。排除AC。Each與have構成主動關系,故使用現在分詞的形式。each having a definite job to do=and each has a definite job to do.故D 正確。
2. Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. across
【答案】D
【解析】考查介詞辨析。At在…方面;on在…上;to…對…;across橫過…;在…對面;句意:你認為這件襯衫在過肩膀的地方太緊了是吧?根據句意說明D正確。
3.As is known to all, Montreal is the second largest French-speaking city in the world, ______.
A.Paris is the largest
B.Paris the largest
C.Paris to be the largest
D.Paris be the largest
【解析】:考查獨立主格結構。兩部分之間沒有連接詞,說明后面不能是句子,只能是短語,作用相當于句子。Paris the largest= and Paris is the largest.故B正確。
4.In the reading-room, we found Winifred ____at a desk, with her attention _____on a novel.
A.sitting; fixing
B.seating; fixed
C.sitting; fixed
D.seated; fixing
【解析】:考查補足語用法。第一空是對Winifred進行補充說明,Winifred與sit構成主動關系,使用現在分詞的形式,或者使用形容詞seated。第二空是with的復合結構,her attention與fix構成被動關系,故使用過去分詞的形式。句意:在閱覽室里,我們發現Winifred坐在桌子旁邊,注意力集中在一本小說上。故C正確。
5.For quite a few students, their teacher’s advice is more important than _______ of their parents’.
A. one
B. that
C. it
D. any
【答案】B
【解析】考查代詞辨析。One指代可數名詞單數,表泛指。That指代可數名詞單數或者不可數名詞,后面一定要有定語修飾,表特指。It指代上文出現的同一事物。Any一些事物。句意:對于很多學生來說,他們老師的建議要比父母的建議更重要。That指代advice后面有定語修飾。故B正確。
6.She suddenly saw him standing in the crowed, his eyes______ her like they had in school.
A. stared at
B. staring at
C. being stared at
D. to stare at
【答案】B
【解析】考查獨立主格結構。獨立主格結構不是句子,是一個短語,但是它的作用就相當于句子。本題兩部分之間缺少連詞,說明后半部分不是句子,his eyes與stare at之間構成主動關系,則使用現在分詞的形式,故B正確。
7.“Shall I give the dog a chocolate?”
“It’s better _________.”
A. not to B. to not C. don’t D. can’t
【答案】A
【解析】為It’s better not to give the dog a chocolate 之省略。注意,不定式的否定式要將not 置于不定式符號to 之前,而不是之后。
You must get the work ___ before Friday.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. done
【答案】:D
【解析】:考查固定用法。Get sth done讓某事被做。句意:你一定要在周五之前把工作完成。故D正確。
9.---Where did you buy the T-shirt?
---It was in the shopping mall _____ my mother works.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. from which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定語從句和強調句型。本題容易錯選A項。定語從句where my mother works修飾先行詞the shopping mall,在works后面省略了強調句的后半句I bought the T-shirt.句意:—你在哪里買到那件T恤的?—就是在我媽媽工作的那個購物中心里我買到的。故B正確。
10.On our arrival, we found Tom _____at the desk and ______a letter.
A. seated, wrote
B. sitting, written
C. seating, writing
D. seated, writing
【答案】D
【解析】考查賓語補足語用法。Seat是及物動詞(使…就坐);sit是不及物動詞(就坐);seated是形容詞,在句子中做賓語補足語,說明Tom的情況。第一空也可以使用sitting.Tom和write構成主動關系,所以使用現在分詞的形式。句意:我們一到達,就發現Tom在桌子旁邊在寫信。
11.In order to improve English, _______.
A.Jeo’s father bought her lots of tapes
B.Jeo bought lots of tapes for herself
C.Lots of tapes were bought by Jeo D.Lots of tapes were bought by Jeo’s father
【答案】B
【解析】考查分詞做狀語的用法。當分詞做狀語的時候,其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。本題不定式短語in order to improve…在句子做目的狀語,其邏輯主語是Joe,必須是后面主句的主語,故B正確。
12.While cleaning the snow on the road, _________.
A. a wallet was found on the ground.
B. a wallet appeared on the ground.
C. I found a wallet lying on the ground. D. I found a wallet laid on the ground.
【答案】C
【解析】考查狀語從句的省略。當狀語從句的主語和主句的一致的時候,且謂語動詞為be動詞時,可以把主語和系動詞一起省略。Cleaning的邏輯主語是I,必須是句子的主語。排除AB。Lie與wallet構成主動關系,使用現在分詞。排除D項。句意:當我在清掃路上的積雪的時候,我注意到一個錢包躺在地上。故C正確。
13.Mr. Smith suggested the problem worth paying attention ______ at the meeting.
A. to be discussed
B. to being discussed
C. being discussed
D. be discussed
【答案】A
【解析】考查句子結構和語態。形容詞短語:worth paying attention to修飾名詞the problem.suggest(建議)后面的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形,should可以省略本題的be discussed前面就省略了should。根據句意說明應該使用被動語態。句意:斯密斯先生建議值得注意的那個問題應該在會議上被討論。故A正確。
14.—The English exam is not difficult, is it?
—______. Even Tom ______ to the top students failed in it.
A. Yes; belongs
B. No; belonged
C. Yes; belonging
D. No; belonging
【答案】C
【解析】考查反義疑問句的回答,已經現在分詞做定語用法。如果反義疑問句是前否定后肯定,在翻譯的時候,yes要翻譯為:不‘;no要翻譯為:是的。Belong to沒有被動語態,所以belonging to修飾Tom.句意:—英語考試不難。是嗎?—不,即使是屬于優秀生的Tom也沒有及格。故C正確。
15.The next thing he saw was smoke ________ from behind the house.
A rose
B to rise
C rising
D risen
【答案】C
【解析】考查分詞短語做定語用法。Rising from the house修飾名詞smoke,smoke與rise兩者之間存在著主動關系,故使用現在分詞的形式。句意:他接下來看見的事情是房子后面升起的煙。故C正確。
16._________ that government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.
A Convincing
B Convinced
C To convince
D Having convinced
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞用法。形容詞Convinced相信的;對主語people情況進行說明。句意:相信我們政府能夠帶領度過經濟危機,人們對我們國家的未來很樂觀。故B正確。
17.Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, _________ the land a happy home for the local people.
A made
B having made
C making
D to make
【答案】C
【解析】考查分詞做結果狀語?,F在分詞doing表示意料之中的結果;不定式to do sth與only連用表示意料之外的結果。句意:大自然給香格里拉提供了無盡的自然美景,讓這片土地成為當地人幸福的家園。由上下文可知大自然給香格里拉無盡的美景,那么當地人過的幸福是很自然的事情,故是意料之中的結果。C正確。
18.__________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A
Whatever
B Whichever
C However
D Whenever
【答案】:C
【解析】:考查讓步狀語從句。關鍵詞是后面的hard,說明前面應該是however,ABD項后面不能接形容詞。However后面接形容詞或者副詞,表示讓步。句意:無論你多么努力,如果不減少食量,要減肥都是很困難的。故C正確。
Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________.
A. if not managed carefully
B. if are not managed carefully
C. unless not managed carefully
D. unless are not managed carefully
【答案】A
【解析】考查狀語從句的省略。當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致的時候,可以把狀語從句的主語和系動詞一起省略,本題if的后面省略了they are.句意:如果沒有被小心處理,小小的船很容易就會翻掉。故A正確。
20.Was it in the village _______ he was born ________ the talented journalist met the retired professor?
A. that, where
B. where, which
C. which, where
D. where, that
【答案】D
【解析】考查強調句型和定語從句。定語從句where he was born修飾先行詞the village,第二空的that與it was構成強調句型。句意:是在他出生的那個村子里,那位能干的記者遇見那位退休的教授嗎?D正確。
21.How I wish we studied ________there are fewer exams .
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. when
【答案】C
【解析】考查地點狀語從句。地點狀語從句Where there are fewer exams修飾動詞study.句意:我多么希望我們在考試少的地方學習。故C正確。
22.The thief
, they were happy to shout loudly.
A. was caught
B. catching
C. having caught
D. caught
【答案】D
【解析】考查獨立主格結構。因為本題兩部分之間沒有連詞,所以使用獨立主格結構。獨立主格結構由:名詞+形容詞/副詞/分詞構成。如果名詞與動詞構成被動關系,就是過去分詞的形式。本題的thief與catch構成被動關系,故使用過去分詞。句意:當賊被抓住的時候,他們開心地大喊大叫。故D正確。
23. _______ in her skirt, the little girl tried to make herself ________ at the party.
A. Dressed; notice
B. Dressing; noticed
C. Dressed; noticed
D. Dressing; noticing
【答案】C
【解析】考查過去分詞用法。第一空過去分詞dressed轉換成形容詞,構成be dressed in穿著…;本題使用形容詞短語說明the little girl的情況。第二空noticed作為賓語補足語,herself與hear構成被動關系,故使用過去分詞的形式。句意;穿著裙子,那個小女孩努力讓自己在聚會上被別人注意到。故C正確。
24.
from the moon, our earth, with water
seven percent of its surface, appears as a “blue ball”.
A. Seeing…covered
B. Seen…covered
C. Seeing…covering
D. Seen…covering
【答案】D
【解析】考查分詞做狀語和非謂語動詞用法。分詞做狀語時,如果動詞與后面的主語構成主動關系,就使用現在分詞的形式,如果構成被動關系,就使用過去分詞。本題的see與our earth構成被動關系,所以使用過去分詞。With符合結構中water與cover構成主動關系,則使用現在分詞的形式。句意:從月球上看,因為有水覆蓋著,我們的地球似乎是一個藍色的球。故D正確。
25.Only by shouting at the top of his voice
.
A. he was able to make himself hear
B. he was able to make himself heard
C. was he able to make himself hear
D. was he able to make himself heard
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒裝句和非謂語動詞用法。Only放在句首,且強調狀語時,后面使用部分倒裝的形式。排除AB。Make herself heard讓自己被聽見,herself與hear構成被動關系,故使用過去分詞。本題only后面接By短語做方式裝語。句意:只有用最大的聲音,她才能讓自己被聽見。故D正確。
26.Your time should be made full use of ________ English well.
A. learning
B. to learn
C. learn
D. to learning
【答案】:B
【解析】:考查句子結構。make use of的賓語是your time,不定式在句子做目的狀語。句意:為了學好英語,你的時間應該被充分利用。
27._____ the old man’s sons wanted to know was ____ the gold had been hidden.
A. What; where
B. That; what
C. What; that
D. That; which
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞性從句。What引導主語從句what the old man’s sons wanted to know在句中做know的賓語。Where引導表語從句where the gold had been hidden指埋黃金的地方。句意:老人的兒子想知道的是黃金被埋的地方。故A正確。
28.You won’t be______ by the host to the wedding ______ you are a good friend of his.
A. advised; unless
B. admitted; if
C. invited; unless
D. impressed; if
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞辨析和unless用法。Advise建議;admit承認;invite邀請;impress留下印象;Unless如果…不…句意:如果你不是他的好朋友,你是不會被邀請作為他婚禮的主持人的。故C正確。
29.I ______ to the lecture that afternoon, but I ______ a bit ill.
A. should have gone; was
B. would have gone; had been
C. should go; was
D. would go; had been
【答案】A
【解析】考查虛擬語氣。根據時間狀語that afternoon可知是對過去的情況比賽虛擬,使用情態動詞+have done,排除CD。Should have done本應該做某事,實際上卻未坐;would have done會做某事。But后面的句子應該使用陳述語序,根據前句的that night可知后半句使用過去時。故A正確。
30.What worried the mother most was __________ the Internet after class in this school.
A. her son’s not forbidding surfing
B. her son’s not being forbidden to surf
C. her son’s being not forbidden to surf