浙江省富陽市2024高考英語閱讀理解暑假練習（5）及答案

　　【廣東省三模】

　　About a third of all common cancers in the United States, China and Britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on Friday.

　　Reports from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) suggest that making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in Britain and the United States, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers.

　　“Even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be prevented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors,” said a WCRF medical and scientific adviser.

　　WCRF findings are supported by World Health Organization (WHO) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases.

　　Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and its incidence(發(fā)病率) is rising. Each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. There are about 200 known types of cancer.

　　Rachel Thompson, the WCRF’s head of science, said that while the message was simple — that not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers — it was still a difficult one to get across.

　　The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.

　　Peter Baldini, head of the World Lung Foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. Tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of people who don’t smoke but have been exposed to it second-hand.

　　“There isn’t a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” Baldini said.

　　63. Which of the following words can best take the place of the phrase “ward off” in the sixth

　　paragraph?

　　A. protect

　　B. prevent

　　C. develop

　　D. cure

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can helpmany cancers可以推測是不吸煙，吃好的食物及有一個健康的體重有助于阻止癌癥的發(fā)生，故選B。

　　64. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the text?

　　A. Exercising and eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk.

　　B. Each year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world.

　　C. Every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers.

　　D. Adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.65. Which of the following can be the best title of this text?

　　A. Simple life changes could stop millions of cancers

　　B. Cancer is a leading cause of death

　　C. Our bad lifestyle caused many diseases

　　D. The incidence of common cancers is rising

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】標題歸納題。根據(jù)making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers66. By writing the passage, the author mainly intends to ____.

　　A. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle.

　　B. warn people of the danger of cancers

　　C. explain why many people die from cancers every year.

　　D. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容可知主要建議人們發(fā)展健康的生活，故選A。67. We can infer from Peter Baldini’s opinion in the last two paragraphs that ____.

　　A. all the lung cancers are linked to smoking

　　B. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but it’s our duty to find one

　　C. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect people’s health

　　D. it’s our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up smoking

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建議政府要采取措施控制人們吸煙進而來保護人們的身體健康，故選C。

　　閱讀理解

　　It is true that shyness can be a disadvantage socially for those who suffer from it seriously. I mean real shyness, not somebody who is simply quiet. Quiet people could be shy, but on the other hand, they may just be observing because they are unsure of you or others in your company. They may be capable of being extrovert (性格外向的) and sociable, but on some particular occasions, they are quiet.

　　I have learnt from my experience that those who observe and listen more and talk less can gain a position of strength. This means that even a very shy person, the type who is reluctant to talk in company (在交際場合) , especially new company, can become a strong person in just about anything they choose. Remember, knowledge is power, and a shy introvert (性格內(nèi)向的人) is in a better position to gain knowledge than an extrovert. Introverted people can give great attention to learning, and as good listeners they can take in an enormous amount from others. Over time, people can come to respect them far more than the extrovert who speaks a lot. Usually about themselves.

　　What does it take , then for a very shy person to be that successful person they have always wanted to be ? They may only need one more thing to push themselves on their way. They need to dare themselves to take the leap; and when they do , they will probably find all the knowledge they have gained over the years will help them on their way to the top in their chosen field.

　　9. What does the first paragraph mainly want to tell us?

　　A. A person who is quiet may not be shy.

　　B. A shy person may not be a calm one.

　　C. Quiet people are usually doubtful.

　　D. Shyness is sometimes a bad feature.

　　10. The underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.

　　A. lazy

　　B. careful

　　C. eager

　　D. unwilling

　　11. According to the author, introverted people can be successful because they usually ________.

　　A. have a strong will

　　B. talk less and show off less

　　C. learn more than extroverts

　　D. have a good attitude to learning

　　12. It can be learned from the last paragraph that “one more thing” probably refers to ________.

　　A. energy

　　B. courage

　　C. quietness

　　D. knowledge

　　【參考答案】9、AD

　　11—12、CB

　　【2024界廣東省三模】

　　Mark Rothko, one of the greatest painters of the twentieth century, was born in Daugavpils, Latvia in 1903. His family immigrated to the United States in 1913, after a 12-day voyage.

　　Mark moved to New York in the autumn of 1923 and found employment in the garment trade and settled down on the Upper West Side. It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students painting a model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. He was twenty years old and had taken some art lessons at school, so his initial experience was far from an immediate calling.

　　In 1936, Mark Rothko began writing a book, which he never completed, about the similarities in the children’s art and the work of modern painters. The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive art, could, according to him, be compared to that of children in that “Child art transforms itself into primitivism, which is only the child producing a copy of himself.” In this same work, he said that “The fact that one usually begins with drawing is already academic. We start with color.”

　　It was not long before his multiform developed into the style he is remembered for. In 1949 Rothko exhibited these new works at the Betty Parsons Gallery. For reviewer Harold Rosenberg, the paintings were unique and primitive. Rothko had, after painting his first multiform, separated himself from the world in East Hampton on Long Island, only inviting a very few people, including Rosenberg, to view the new paintings. The discovery of his works’ specialty came at a period of great sorrow: his mother Kate died in October 1948. As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings no longer had individual titles. From this point on they were simply untitled, numbered or dated. However, to assist in distinguishing one work from another, traders would sometimes add the primary colors to the name. Additionally, for the next few years, Rothko painted in oil only on large vertical tents. This was done to surround the viewer, or, in his words, to make the viewer feel enveloped within the picture.

　　68. When did Rothko want to be an artist?

　　A. When he immigrated to the U.S.A.

　　B. When he watched students drawing.

　　C. When he moved to the Upper West Side. D. When he joined the Art Students League.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students painting a model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist.69. What did Rothko think of modern art?

　　A. It could be produced by children.

　　B. It could be compared to child work.

　　C. It was a certain kind of primitive art.

　　D. It was academic from the very beginning.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)about the similarities in the children’s art and the work of modern painters.70. Why does the author mention Rothko’s uncompleted book?

　　A. To prove Rothko’s concentration on painting.

　　B. To show Rothko’s research on the modern art.

　　C. To suggest Rothko’s unique personal painting style.

　　D. To explain the inspiration of Rothko’s painting style.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)It was not long before his multiform developed into the style he is remembered for.提出他的獨特繪畫風格，故選C。71. Rothko’s distinctive style ______.

　　A. took shape in 1948

　　B. was affected by Rosenberg

　　C. resulted from his boyhood experience D. was rooted in the separation from the world

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The discovery of his works’ specialty came at a period of great sorrow: his mother Kate died in October 1948.他的獨特風格的形成是在1948年。

　　閱讀理解-----------D

　　Sports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging. Criticism（批評）from coaches(trainers), parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware(realize), at all times, that their feedback（反饋）to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷） in themselves.

　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious(careful) that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on(pay more attention to) the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome. Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress(pressure), which can lead to burnout.

　　13. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that

　　.

　　A. it can help them learn more about society

　　B. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

　　C. it enables them to find flaws in themselves

　　D. it can provide them with valuable experiences

　　14. According to the passage parents and coaches should

　　.

　　A. help children to win every game

　　B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

　　C. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

　　D. train children to deal with stress

　　15. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is

　　.

　　A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

　　B. to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children

　　C. to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement

　　D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

　　【參考答案】13—15、DBB

　　【2024界廣東省湛江市二模】-----B

　　Dave Bruno works as an online marketing manager. Several years ago, one weekend Bruno and his family did a major house cleanup and then donated several bags of unneeded items to the local Goodwill store. “After all were done, I looked around and realized that I still had too much stuff”， says Bruno, “It occurred to me that maybe I wanted to lead a simple life but in reality I behaved differently.” That realization prompted the 39-year-old father of three to try an experiment, “The 100 Thing Challenge”.

　　With the goal of breaking free of what he calls a “bad habit of consumerism…Bruno was determined to live for one year with just 100 personal items. He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes. He created some guidelines for the experiment since his wife and daughters did not participate-family-shared and household items did not count as personal items. He also grouped together some basic things such as underwear and socks. Bruno began blogging about his new lifestyle and eventually wrote a book, The 100 Thing Challenge: How I Got Rid of Almost Everything, Remade My Life, and Regained My Soul.

　　Since completing the experiment, Bruno has continued to live by the motto: reduce, refuse, and rearrange and maintains just 110 personal things. “ Nearly three years of living with a minimal amount of personal possessions, I’m no longer in the habit of consuming for the sake of consumption(消費)，” he wrote in his blog last week, “That has freed me up for all sorts of better endeavors than shopping—like spending time with family and writing a book and planning for business opportunities.”

　　Bruno’s project has also inspired others to live minimally, many of whom post their own 100 Thing Challenge updates on YouTube. “The reality is that the 100 Thing Challenge is surprisingly easy”， sBruno, “

　　I

　　’m

　　not saying there were no challenges or disappointments. I miss some things, but not that much. Frankly, it’s far easier to live with less stuff than with excessive trash.”

　　31. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1?

　　A. Bruno regretted to have an easy life.

　　B. Bruno had a special behavior in reality,

　　C. Bruno and his family led a happy life.

　　D. Bruno would have liked a life with fewer items.

　　【】The 100 Thing Challenge可知Bruno想用更少的東西在日常生活中，故選D。

　　32. The things were included in Bruno’s 94 items EXCEPT _____.