Unit 3　Computers

　　【熱點話題】(科普知識與現代技術)網絡的好處體裁：議論文寫作思路：【美文誦讀】mputer in front，sending and getting the information they need. Secondly，they can also choose to buy or sell whatever they want by the Internet, while traditional shops don't provide_them_with④ such great freedom. Thirdly，they can download_all_kinds_of_information_from_the_Internet⑤ whenever it's necessary and E-mails can be sent to their friends in just a few seconds.

　　I love surfing the Internet，for it brings a lot more choices and freedom.　【學海拾貝】按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。多虧了你的幫助我女兒對英語越來越感興趣了。(模仿①)ese with_the_help_of_Mr._

　　Wang(在王老師的幫助下)．你有可能在兩周內得到回復。(模仿③)(給我們提供)all kinds of food.songs(下載歌曲)from the Internet you like.

　　Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞算術；總數；金額 ．(電腦)操作員接線員 ．人造的假的 算盤侄女；外甥女目標；目的；球門無論如何即使如此 病毒類型；打字教練coach

　　11．智力聰明智能智能的聰明的私人的個人的親自就個人而言運用；申請運n.application

　　申請人出現出現；外貌消失探索探究 ．探索探究 ．探索的探究的exploratory

　　用所給單詞的適當形式填空。(intelligence) than other animals.

　　2．The application(apply) forms should be simplified(simplify) to make things simple.

　　3．I can't see the logic behind your argument.Please make it more logical because anything illogical will cause confusion.(logic)

　　4．Personally (person) speaking，it's worth all the efforts.

　　5．The earth is nothing but a very small planet in the endless universe (universal)．翻譯下列短語在某種程度上in_a_way依……看；據……認為in_one's_opinion從那時起from_then_on結果 as_a_result處理；安排；對付deal_with彌補補足；整理；編造 make_up畢竟；到底after_all看守；監視 watch_over在……幫助下 with_the_help_of久而久之隨著時間的推移 over_time

　　選用上述短語完成下列短文。(1) in_a_way she was a heavy burden of her family. However, her parents insisted that she could develop some special interest to (2)make_up for her disability. They sent her to learn singing when she was 6 and (3)from_then_on her neighbours would hear her practise singing for hours and hours a day.(4) Over_time she could sing better and better and (5)as_a_result，a blind girl because a famous singer (6)with_the_help_of her teacher.

　　Ⅲ.重點句型1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.(p.18)

　　我發育緩慢差不多兩百年后查爾·巴比奇才把我制成了一臺分析機。

　　It takes＋一段時間＋before...過了多久才……any can make money.

　　一個公司可能要過了幾年后才能盈利。[模仿造句]根據提示完成句子。(1)It_took_a_long_time_before(過了很久才) the rain stopped.(2)It_took_several_months_before(過了幾個月才)the bridge was finally built.2．As time went by，I was made smaller.(p.18)

　　隨著時間的推移我被做得更小了。

　　隨著時間的流逝隨著時間的流逝人們慢慢熟悉他并理解他所做的事了。[模仿造句]根據提示完成句子。(1)As_time_went_by/With_time_going_by(隨著時間的流逝)hool gradually.

　　(2)We will know more about one another and become friends as_time_goes_by/with_time_going_by(隨著時間的流逝)．3．And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it！(p.18)我的存儲量變得如此巨大連我自己都不能相信！

　　so/such...that...引導結果狀語從句意為“如此……以至于”。e time.

　　老師給我們講了一個這么有趣的故事以至于我們都忘記了時間。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)教室里很黑我們看不清黑板上的字。(2)李明是一個如此優秀的孩子我們都喜Li_Ming_is_such_a_good_boy_that_we_all_like_him．

　　用以上句型翻譯下列小片段。差不多五年后我才適應了廣東的飲食習慣。然而隨著時間的流逝我卻變得如此喜歡粵菜以至于外出吃飯時人們都說我是一個地道的廣東人。t_by，I_liked_Cantonese_food_so_much_that_when_I_was_dining_out，people_would_say_I_was_a_native_Cantonese.

　　閱讀理解解題技巧

　　排序題通常出現在說明文、記敘文或人物傳記類的文章或段落的理解題中。要求根據某人所經歷事情的時間先后排序，或按某事物的發展變化過程排序，或按操作程序或制作過程先后排序，或按重要性排序等。題中含有原文單詞、詞組、句型的轉述，再以a，b，c，d，e，f等給事件標上序號。

　　這類題屬于事實細節題，只需淺層理解，難度較小，一般從閱讀材料中可以直接找到答案，但是這種題容易錯，比較耗時間。

　　解答這類題的具體過程如下：

　　第一步，在a～f中畫出關鍵詞或特征詞；

　　第二步，尋讀，在文中找到a～f的對應信息，并在文中標上a～f。這樣可使順序一目了然，也減少了閱讀量；

　　注意年代數詞和表示時間先后關系的詞，如：then，after，shortly after，afterwards，after that，before that，in the same year，later，and，next，at last，finally，so等。

　　第三步，弄清“首事件”和“尾事件”，利用“排除法”，迅速縮小范圍，快速選出正確答案。這也就是所謂的“首尾定位法”。

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。

　　F．Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24，1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St.Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while.In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre.Then he had to make some money to impress her.

　　His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary：“My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could not share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”

　　This Side of Paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920.Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing.Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned(1922), a collection of short stories Tales of the Jazz Age(1922),

　　and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby，published in 1925, which quickly brought him praise from the literary world.Yet it failed to give him the needed financial

　　security. Then, in

　　1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.

　　However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed.By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic.During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940.While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol.Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.

　　1．How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?

　　A．5.B．6.C．7.D．8.

　　2．We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald______________.

　　A．had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama

　　B．was well educated and well off before he served in the army

　　C．would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken down

　　D．helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital

　　3．The passage is mainly about ________．

　　A．Fitzgerald's family and work

　　B．Fitzgerald's life and literary works

　　C．how Fitzgerald fell in love with Zelda

　　D．how Fitzgerald got addicted to alcohol

　　4．Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?

　　a．He became addicted to drinking.

　　b．He studied at St.Paul Academy.

　　c．He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.

　　d．The Great Gatsby won high praise.

　　e．He failed to reorder his life.

　　f．He joined the army and met Zelda.

　　A．f－c－e－a－b－d

　　B．b－e－a－f－c－d

　　C．f－d－e－c－b－a

　　D．b－f－c－d－e－a

　　語篇解讀：本文體裁為記敘文，主要講述了著名美國文學家弗蘭西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品。

　　1．解析：細節理解題。由文章中第三段的兩處關鍵詞novel和greatest success可知，他的小說有：This Side of Paradise，The Beautiful and Damned，The Great Gatsby(須排除兩處干擾項的關鍵詞collection of short stories短篇小說集)，第四段的第四句的關鍵詞novels提到“Tender Is the Night and The Love of the Last Tycoon”，共計5篇小說。

　　答案：A

　　2．解析：推理判斷題。由第四段第一句的“However，Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing”可知，Zelda和妻子間的問題影響到了他的創作。

　　答案：C

　　3．解析：主旨大意題。通過跳讀和尋讀可得知第一、二段主要講述了菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活，第三段簡介他的作品，第四段講述了在他妻子生病、自己酗酒期間他完成了兩部小說，由此得知本文主要講述著名文學家菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品。

　　答案：B

　　4．解析：排序題。題干關鍵詞為“correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life”可知，本題是要求考生把握事件發生的順序。句子b和f在第一段，時間連接詞分別為once和in 1917，句子c和d在第三段，時間連接詞分別為in 1920和in 1925，句子e和a在第四段，時間連接詞分別為during the 1920s和while his wife was in hospital。由此確定發生最早的是b項，最遲的是a項。

　　答案：D

　　第一節　閱讀理解

　　閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　For a long time, many people believed girls are at a disadvantage in the classroom, especially when it comes to some subjects，but the situation now in the classroom is different from that in the past. These days it seems that male students can't keep up with their female classmates.

　　Richard Whitmire, an education reporter and author of Why Boys Fail, says that the problem starts early. There are two signs of the change: there are much more aspirations(渴望) in female students in high schools, but male students don't have many. We can easily find these examples in colleges. There are more female students than male students in colleges. The number of female students is larger than that of male students in recent years.

　　What's behind the new change? There are a lot of reasons why boys fall behind in the classroom nowadays. Christina Hoff Sommers, writer of The War Against Boys, pointed out that classrooms were rebuilt to serve the needs of girls instead of boys. It is a dangerous action that has hurt boys. Less structured learning situations and less focus on marks and challenges are signs of a changing school. These will put boys in a harmful situation. Others consider that there are a lot of learning materials which boys are not interested in. The school lacks male teachers, and also many male students think they cannot have a good rest at school. So which of these is really behind the problem.

　　In his book, Richard Whitmire says, there are a lot of reasons. However, he argues that some of these may be the reasons for the problem, but there's one that is holding boys back.

　　“If you solve one important thing，” he says，“then you could solve the problem, and that is the literacy(讀寫能力) issue.”

　　1．From Paragraph 1 we know that________．

　　A．male students are always better than female students

　　B．female students used to be lazy in the classroom

　　C．male students often fall behind nowadays

　　D．female students were stronger in the past

　　2．Which of the following is NOT true of the changing school?

　　A．We can see fewer good female teachers in the school.

　　B．The schools don't have a good learning situation for the boy.

　　C．The schools pay less attention to marks and challenges.

　　D．Classrooms tend to serve the needs of the female students.

　　3．The purpose of the passage is mainly to________．

　　A．tell people a new kind of school

　　B．call on people to change the school situation

　　C．tell people that female students are more important

　　D．explain why the schools need more male teachers

　　4．In which column will you most probably read the article?

　　A．Science.B．Education.

　　C．Culture.

　　D．News.

　　語篇解讀：近些年，我們經常聽到這種聲音：女生學習成績越來越厲害了，男生明顯有些落后。有些教育界人士還發出“拯救男生”的呼吁。

　　1．解析：細節理解題。根據第一段的“These days it seems that male students can't keep up with their female classmates.”可知，現在男孩要落后于他們同班的女孩。

　　答案：C

　　2．解析：細節理解題。根據第三段的“to serve the needs of girls instead of boys. It is a dangerous action that has hurt boys. Less structured learning situations and less focus on marks and challenges are signs of a changing school”可知，學校環境改變背后的因素，可找到相對應的B、C、D項。A項不符合。

　　答案：A

　　3．解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段的“pointed out that classrooms were rebuilt to serve the needs of girls instead of boys.It is a dangerous action that has hurt boys”可知，作者認為這種學校的模式，僅僅滿足了女孩，而沒有考慮到男孩的需求，所以作者認為這是一種危險的行為，呼吁人們應該改變這種不合理的現狀。

　　答案：B

　　4．解析：推理判斷題。本文主要探討了男女學生在學習上的差異及原因，和教育有關。

　　答案：B

　　B

　　The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says more than a billion tons of food is wasted each year. Much of that waste happens in wealthy nations, but it happens in developing countries, too.Though a lot of food is being wasted, hundreds of millions of people go to sleep hungry each day.

　　Danielle Nierenberg is the cofounder and president of Food Tank, an organization that studies food problems. Ms.Nierenberg says much of the food waste in the developing world is caused by poor infrastructure(基礎設施), like bad roads. It is also because areas for storing food are too small.

　　In wealthy nations, food is wasted because people buy more than they can eat. Ms. Nierenberg also thinks dates that are printed on food containers have something to do with it. These dates tell buyers and sellers by what date the food should be sold or

　　eaten. She says these dates cause people to throw away food too soon.

　　Our journalist interviewed Ms. Nierenberg when she was in Milan, Italy. She was attending a yearly meeting. Officials at the meeting showed what they call the “Milan Protocol”. The document calls on international leaders and policymakers to improve food security.“It focuses not only on food waste，but also on creating better agriculture systems, as well as on unhealthy eating，” she said.

　　Ms. Nierenberg says the amount of food wasted each year shows that there is already enough food to feed the planet.“The problem of hunger in the world is not lack of food. We produce more than enough food for every man, woman and child to eat every day. It's poverty that prevents food from getting to people who need it most，” she said at the end of the interview.