【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 ①When passing by, I saw Tom __________ (beat) by a strong man. ②____________(tease) by others makes one feel uncomfortable. ③The film star wears sunglasses so that he can walk in the street without __________ (recognize)． 【答案】①being beaten　②Being teased ③being recognized 2．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. 水很淺， 但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭， 就有一個(gè)陡坡， 一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。 句型提煉：where…there be… 在……的地方，有…… 句中“where…” 為地點(diǎn)狀語從句。地點(diǎn)狀語從句一般放在主句之后。但在一些諺語或表示抽象意義的句子中，常把地點(diǎn)狀語從句放在主句之前，此時(shí)where＝in/at the place where。另外，wherever“在何處； 無論何處”，也可引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。 【句型剖析】

　　The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and waited for her mother.那個(gè)迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她母親。 As far as I'm aware, the boy is free to go wherever he likes in the yard. 就我個(gè)人而言， 在院子的這個(gè)男孩里愿意去哪里就去哪里。 Where there is life, there is hope.

　　留得青山在，不愁沒柴燒。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 完成句子 ①They will go__________________(他們快樂的地方)． ②Make a mark __________________(在你有疑問的地方)． ③___________ (有水的地方), there is life. 【答案】①where they are happy ②where you have any doubts or questions ③Where there is water (1)urge sb.to do sth.　催促某人做某事 urge sb.into doing sth.　催促某人做某事 urge that…(should) do sth.　極力主張；強(qiáng)調(diào)…… It is urged that…(should) do sth.　堅(jiān)決要求…… (2)have an urge to do sth.　渴望做某事 (3)urgent　adj.緊急的；迫切的 (4)urgency　n. 緊迫； 急迫； 急事 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　The author urges readers to consider the role of elevators in city development. 作者要求讀者考慮電梯在城市發(fā)展中的作用。(2024湖北) And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you'll understand why. 下次在電影院里有人咳嗽你也有這種沖動(dòng)時(shí)，可能你就會(huì)理解為什么了。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 一句多譯 老師督促我們及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。 ②Our teachers ______ ______ ______ ______ in time. ③Our teachers ______ ______ ______ ______ in time. ④Our teachers urge that ______ ______ ______ in time. ⑤It's urged that ______ ______ ______ in time. 【答案】①be urged　②urge us to review　③urge us into reviewing　④we should review　⑤we should review 3．a(chǎn)bandon vt.放棄； 遺棄；拋棄n.放任；放縱

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①In each episode(一期節(jié)目)of Man vs.Wild, Grylls ____________ in a wild area and has to find his way out. 在每一期《Man vs.Wild》節(jié)目中，格里爾斯都被丟在一個(gè)荒涼的地方，他自己必須找到出路。(2024北京) (1)abandon one's hope/plan/idea　放棄希望/計(jì)劃/主意 abandon doing sth.　放棄做某事 abandon oneself to…　沉湎于……；縱情于…… (2)with abandon　放縱地；放任地 (3)abandoned　adj.無約束的；無度的；放蕩的 be abandoned to　沉湎于…… 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned. 為了降低船速以便更容易棄船，他關(guān)閉了引擎。 The boss urged us to abandon carrying out the plan. 老板督促我們放棄執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 They abandon themselves to drinking. 他們沉湎于飲酒。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 The woman ②____________(abandon) by her husband.Eventually the ③____________ (abandon) wife was found wandering in the street, ④__________(abandon) herself to despair.She often danced ⑤ __________abandon for no reason in the public places and often abandoned herself to ⑥__________(drink)．

　　【答案】①is abandoned　②was abandoned　③abandoned　④abandoning　⑤with　⑥drinking

　　4．reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①That ____________ in an up-to-date dictionary. 那在現(xiàn)代詞典中得到了反映。(2024湖南) (1)reflect sb./sth.in sth.　(指鏡子等)映出某人/物的影像 reflect sth.from sth.　從某物反射…… reflect on/upon sth.　思考某事 (2)reflection　n. 映像；倒影

　　be lost in reflection　陷入沉思中 on reflection　仔細(xì)思考后 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. 他想用玻璃的表面反射天空和城市。(2024湖北)

　　I hope he will reflect on his decision in the years to come. 我希望未來的幾年里他會(huì)反省自己的決定。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 The student stood there still, ②__________ (lose) in reflection.He was reflecting ③________ the problem why the sunlight could ④__________(reflect) from the water and he could see his ⑤__________(reflect) in the water. 【答案】①is reflected　②lost　③on　④be reflected　⑤reflection 5．scare vt.& vi.恐嚇；受驚嚇

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①If there were anything to be scared ______， you wouldn't have chosen this place. 如果真的有什么可怕的東西，你就不能選擇這個(gè)地方了。 scaring　adj.令人害怕的；嚇人的 scared　adj.受驚嚇的；感到害怕的 be scared of ＝be afraid of…　害怕…… be scared to do…　不敢做…… be scared that…　害怕…… 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　I got scared and I ran and left her all alone. 我一害怕就跑了，把她一個(gè)人扔下了。 People are scared to use the buses late at night. 人們害怕在深夜乘坐公共汽車。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 ②The scene was so __________(scare) that he was scared ________ death. ③Local businesses were scared into ________(pay) protection money. 【答案】①of　②scaring; to　③paying 1．help(…) out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①They follow the rules, help ________， and are concerned about the people they work with. 他們遵守規(guī)則，幫助并且關(guān)心一起工作的人們。(2024江蘇) (1)help sb.with/(to) do sth.　幫助某人某事/做某事 can't help doing sth.　忍不住做某事 can't help (to) do sth.　不能幫忙做某事 can't help but do　只得做；不得不做 help oneself (to sth.)　隨便自己動(dòng)手(夾菜吃、用……等) 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　(2)with the help of sb.＝with one's help　在某人的幫助下 without/but for one's help　要不是某人的幫助(常與虛擬連用) He was rushing back to help them out of poverty. 他急速地跑回去幫他們擺脫貧窮。 He is such a selfless man.You can't help but respect him. 他是這樣一個(gè)毫無私心的人， 你不由得不尊敬他。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 ②It was ________ the help of him that we helped our friends out of trouble. ③But for his help, I couldn't _____________ (accomplish) the task yesterday. ④Hearing the song, he can't help __________(call) up his childhood.　 ⑤I am too busy.I am afraid I can't help you ____________ (deal) with the problem tomorrow. 【答案】①out　②with　③have accomplished　④calling　⑤(to) deal 2．be/become aware of對(duì)……知道、明白；意識(shí)到…… 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①If she had been ____________ that the mushrooms were poisonous, she wouldn't have picked them for dinner. 要是知道這些蘑菇有毒，她就不會(huì)采來做晚餐了。(2024湖北) (1)be aware that…　知道；體會(huì)到…… make sb.aware of/that…　使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意…… as far as I'm aware　據(jù)我所知 (2)awareness　n．意識(shí)；認(rèn)識(shí) develop an awareness of…　培養(yǎng)……的意識(shí) raise awareness　提高認(rèn)識(shí) lack of awareness　缺乏認(rèn)識(shí) 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them. 到其他國(guó)家的時(shí)候，你應(yīng)該意識(shí)到那些差異并尊重它們。(2024重慶) Everybody should be made aware of the risks involved. 應(yīng)該讓人人都知道其中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 完成句子 ②We should ________________________ (讓我們的孩子意識(shí)到) the importance of protecting the environment. ③________________(我認(rèn)為), some students aren't __________________(意識(shí)到……的重要性) college education _______________ (因?yàn)槿狈φJ(rèn)識(shí))．

　　【答案】①aware　②make our children aware of　③ As far as I'm aware; aware of the importance of; for lack of awareness 1．As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. 隨著我們的逼近， 我能看見一條鯨魚正在被其他六條虎鯨襲擊。 句型提煉： see sb./sth. being done 句型“see a whale being attacked”意為“看到一條鯨魚正在被襲擊”。句中的being attacked作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示動(dòng)作正在被進(jìn)行。being done除了作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行外， 還有以下句法功能： (1)作后置定語，表示被動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行； (2)作賓語，表示被動(dòng)； (3)作主語，表示被動(dòng)。 【句型剖析】

　　Everyone enjoys being respected by others.

　　每個(gè)人都喜歡被他人尊敬。 The young man being questioned by the policeman is his brother. 那個(gè)正在被警察詢問的年輕人是他的哥哥。 Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代價(jià)是不管你走到哪里， 都會(huì)被人認(rèn)出來。 Unit 3　Under the sea 話題·自然環(huán)境 (2024廣西四市高三聯(lián)考) 假定你是李華，家鄉(xiāng)有一片濕地(wetland)，每到春天，有很多鳥類，包括一些珍稀、瀕危鳥類。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要求和你的想象給WWF(世界野生動(dòng)物基金)寫一封信。 1．鳥類經(jīng)常受到傷害； 2．濕地面積減少； 3．提出你的建議。 【晨背范文】 Dear WWF， There are wetlands in my hometown.And every spring, many birds come to live here, including several rare and endangered ones.With various birds everywhere, my hometown looks very beautiful.However, the birds are being badly affected by our human activities. The harm to the birds is various.Eggs are often picked up.Worse still, people even catch or poison birds for meat.The size of the wetlands is becoming smaller and smaller due to farming.Pollution from chemical factories is also a big problem.Fewer birds arrive here each year! I strongly suggest taking actions to save the birds.A wetland reserve should be set up to make sure no one shall harm the birds.We human beings should live with birds peacefully and happily. ★話題詞匯 1．surroundings　n．環(huán)境 2．conservation　n．保護(hù) 3．a(chǎn)dvocate　v．提倡 4．take responsibility for　對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)任 5．environmental awareness　環(huán)保意識(shí) 6．keep ecological balance　保持生態(tài)平衡

　　★話題佳句 1．When haze comes, the whole city will be covered with dust and smog, causing serious problems to our health. 當(dāng)霧霾來臨的時(shí)候，整個(gè)城市籠罩著灰塵和煙霧，對(duì)健康造成很大的危害。 2．I hold the firm belief that with our joint efforts, our society will become a more enjoyable place in the near future. 我堅(jiān)信在我們的共同努力下，我們的社會(huì)在不久的將來會(huì)變成一個(gè)更加宜人的地方。 3．More and more cars will give out poisonous gases and cause air pollution, which does great harm to the environment. 越來越多的汽車將釋放出有毒氣體，導(dǎo)致空氣污染，對(duì)環(huán)境造成極大損害。 Ⅰ.單詞速憶 1．________vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到；目擊n.目擊者；證人； 證據(jù) 2．________vi.&n.暫停； 中止 3．________vt.拖； 拉； 扯 4．________n．目標(biāo)； 靶； 受批評(píng)的對(duì)象 5．________adj.相對(duì)的； 相反的 prep.在……對(duì)面 witness

　　pause drag target opposite 6．__________adj.淺的；膚淺的；淺顯的 7．__________vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 8．____________adj.好的； 整齊的； 勻稱的 9．____________vt.放棄；遺棄；拋棄 →____________ adj.放縱的；墮落的 10．________vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考 →____________ n．映像；思考；反映 shallow urge neat

　　abandon abandoned reflect reflection 11．_______vi.逃避； 逃跑vt.逃離 →________ (過去式)

　　→________ (過去分詞) 12．________ vt.恐嚇vi.受驚嚇 →__________ adj.恐懼的；害怕的 →__________ adj.引起恐慌的 13．_______________n．住所；住宿 →_______________ v．提供住宿 flee fled fled　 scare scared scary accommodation accommodate 14．____________n．保護(hù)；保存 →____________ vt.保存；保護(hù) 15．____________ adj.好吃的；有品位的 →__________vt.品嘗 →____________ adj.無味的；粗俗的；無鑒賞力的 16．__________ adj.意識(shí)到的；知道的 →____________n．意識(shí) conservation conserve tasty taste tasteless

　　aware awareness 17．_______ adj.銳利的；鋒利的；敏捷的 →__________v．(使)鋒利；(使)銳利 18．________ adj.狹窄的；有限的；狹隘的 →__________ adv.僅僅；勉強(qiáng)地 19．_______ adj.每年的；按年度計(jì)算的n.年刊；年鑒 →_________ adv.年度地；每年地 sharp sharpen narrow

　　narrowly annual

　　annually Ⅱ.短語快譯

　　1．__________________對(duì)……知道、明白；意識(shí)到…… 2．__________________幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難 3．__________________嚇?biāo)懒?4．__________________ 瞄準(zhǔn) 5．__________________舉起；抬起；支撐；阻擋；使延誤 be/become aware of

　　help (…) out

　　(be) scared to death aim at hold up 6．______________整理；選出；解決 7．______________靠近 8．______________上下翻轉(zhuǎn) 9．______________在此期間；與此同時(shí) 10．_____________優(yōu)于；在……前面 sort out get close to upside down in the meantime ahead of Ⅲ.句式仿寫 1．It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(a time＋when引導(dǎo)的定語從句) 仿寫：這個(gè)老人曾一度領(lǐng)不到養(yǎng)老金，這讓他非常憤怒。 There was ________________________ pension, which made him very angry. 【答案】a time when the old man couldn't get 2．We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.(see…doing…看到……正在做) 仿寫：剛才我看到我的朋友湯姆在公園里慢跑。 I ________________ in the park just now. 【答案】saw my friend Tom jogging 3．As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.(v.-ing的被動(dòng)式作賓語補(bǔ)足語) 仿寫：當(dāng)我到達(dá)汽車修理店的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的汽車正在被修理。

　　When arriving at the garage, I___________________________________. 【答案】found my car being repaired 4．I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic！(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語) 仿寫：我看到老師手里拿著一副中國(guó)地圖走進(jìn)了教室。 I saw the teacher enter the classroom ___________________________________. 【答案】with a map of China in his hand 5．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(where…， there be…“在……的地方有……”) 仿寫：眾所周知，有志者事竟成。 As we all know, ______________， there is a way. 【答案】where there is a will Ⅳ.單元語法 v．-ing形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．The old man is afraid of ______________ (abandon) by his son. 2．______________ (expose) to violent programs will be bad for children. 3．He said that he didn't mind ______________ (tease) in public. 4．We should take some measures to prevent the river ______________ (pollute)． 5．Just now I saw the boy ______________ (beat) by his father when I passed by. 【答案】1.being abandoned　2.Being exposed　3.being teased　4．being polluted　5.being beaten Ⅴ.教材活用 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 One day, a sailor was just sorting out his accommodation when he saw a killer whale 1.________(throw) itself out of water and crashing down.2.________the old sailor knew, the killer whale 3.________(name) Old Tom was suggesting there was a whale 4.________(wait) for them. So all the sailors drove the boat leaving the bay and heading 5.________the destination.With Old Tom showing the way, the sailors soon saw a huge whale6.________(be) attacked by a group of killer whales.And those killers seemed to know how to work as 7.________team.Some used their body to stop the whale breathing, and others managed 8.________(stop) it diving or fleeing out to the sea. After arriving at the spot, the sailors9.________ (take) their position to stab the whale.Then the whale was dragged into the 10.________(deep) of the sea, enjoyed by the killer whales. 1．witness vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到；目擊n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù)

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①Three weeks ago, I __________a small near-disaster a few miles west of here. 幾天前，在這兒西邊幾英里處，我目睹了一件差一點(diǎn)成為災(zāi)難的事件。(2024湖北) (1)witness to sth./doing sth.　作證證明某事/做某事 witness for　為……作證 (2)a witness to sth.　某事的證人/證明 bear/give witness to sth.　為……作證；證明 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. 這一次，作為鑒定證人，他運(yùn)用環(huán)保法解釋了在濕地內(nèi)和濕地周圍限制發(fā)展的原因以及利用濕地生態(tài)學(xué)幫助發(fā)展的知識(shí)。(2024湖南) The passer-by witnessed to having seen the man fleeing from the shop. 路過者作證說，他看到此人從商店逃跑。 【舉一反三】 英語中常使用擬人修辭手法的句子，主語通常是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或心愛之物，如車、船等的名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞常為witness, see, find等。 The past ten years has witnessed/seen the great changes in China. 過去的十年見證了中國(guó)發(fā)生的巨變。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 用witness的適當(dāng)形式填空 ②The last Spring Festival ____________ too many traffic jams on the express way. ③The two __________ who __________ to having seen Tom break into the house gave __________ to the police. 【答案】①witnessed　②witnessed ③witnesses; witnessed; witness 2．urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 n．強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①A student whose friends are good at academics may __________to study harder and get good grades. 如果一個(gè)學(xué)生的朋友學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)好，他或她有可能被督促更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)，取得好的成績(jī)。(2024江蘇)

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 ①When passing by, I saw Tom __________ (beat) by a strong man. ②____________(tease) by others makes one feel uncomfortable. ③The film star wears sunglasses so that he can walk in the street without __________ (recognize)． 【答案】①being beaten　②Being teased ③being recognized 2．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. 水很淺， 但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭， 就有一個(gè)陡坡， 一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。 句型提煉：where…there be… 在……的地方，有…… 句中“where…” 為地點(diǎn)狀語從句。地點(diǎn)狀語從句一般放在主句之后。但在一些諺語或表示抽象意義的句子中，常把地點(diǎn)狀語從句放在主句之前，此時(shí)where＝in/at the place where。另外，wherever“在何處； 無論何處”，也可引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。 【句型剖析】

　　The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and waited for her mother.那個(gè)迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她母親。 As far as I'm aware, the boy is free to go wherever he likes in the yard. 就我個(gè)人而言， 在院子的這個(gè)男孩里愿意去哪里就去哪里。 Where there is life, there is hope.

　　留得青山在，不愁沒柴燒。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 完成句子 ①They will go__________________(他們快樂的地方)． ②Make a mark __________________(在你有疑問的地方)． ③___________ (有水的地方), there is life. 【答案】①where they are happy ②where you have any doubts or questions ③Where there is water (1)urge sb.to do sth.　催促某人做某事 urge sb.into doing sth.　催促某人做某事 urge that…(should) do sth.　極力主張；強(qiáng)調(diào)…… It is urged that…(should) do sth.　堅(jiān)決要求…… (2)have an urge to do sth.　渴望做某事 (3)urgent　adj.緊急的；迫切的 (4)urgency　n. 緊迫； 急迫； 急事 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　The author urges readers to consider the role of elevators in city development. 作者要求讀者考慮電梯在城市發(fā)展中的作用。(2024湖北) And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you'll understand why. 下次在電影院里有人咳嗽你也有這種沖動(dòng)時(shí)，可能你就會(huì)理解為什么了。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 一句多譯 老師督促我們及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。 ②Our teachers ______ ______ ______ ______ in time. ③Our teachers ______ ______ ______ ______ in time. ④Our teachers urge that ______ ______ ______ in time. ⑤It's urged that ______ ______ ______ in time. 【答案】①be urged　②urge us to review　③urge us into reviewing　④we should review　⑤we should review 3．a(chǎn)bandon vt.放棄； 遺棄；拋棄n.放任；放縱

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①In each episode(一期節(jié)目)of Man vs.Wild, Grylls ____________ in a wild area and has to find his way out. 在每一期《Man vs.Wild》節(jié)目中，格里爾斯都被丟在一個(gè)荒涼的地方，他自己必須找到出路。(2024北京) (1)abandon one's hope/plan/idea　放棄希望/計(jì)劃/主意 abandon doing sth.　放棄做某事 abandon oneself to…　沉湎于……；縱情于…… (2)with abandon　放縱地；放任地 (3)abandoned　adj.無約束的；無度的；放蕩的 be abandoned to　沉湎于…… 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned. 為了降低船速以便更容易棄船，他關(guān)閉了引擎。 The boss urged us to abandon carrying out the plan. 老板督促我們放棄執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 They abandon themselves to drinking. 他們沉湎于飲酒。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 The woman ②____________(abandon) by her husband.Eventually the ③____________ (abandon) wife was found wandering in the street, ④__________(abandon) herself to despair.She often danced ⑤ __________abandon for no reason in the public places and often abandoned herself to ⑥__________(drink)．

　　【答案】①is abandoned　②was abandoned　③abandoned　④abandoning　⑤with　⑥drinking

　　4．reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①That ____________ in an up-to-date dictionary. 那在現(xiàn)代詞典中得到了反映。(2024湖南) (1)reflect sb./sth.in sth.　(指鏡子等)映出某人/物的影像 reflect sth.from sth.　從某物反射…… reflect on/upon sth.　思考某事 (2)reflection　n. 映像；倒影

　　be lost in reflection　陷入沉思中 on reflection　仔細(xì)思考后 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. 他想用玻璃的表面反射天空和城市。(2024湖北)

　　I hope he will reflect on his decision in the years to come. 我希望未來的幾年里他會(huì)反省自己的決定。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 The student stood there still, ②__________ (lose) in reflection.He was reflecting ③________ the problem why the sunlight could ④__________(reflect) from the water and he could see his ⑤__________(reflect) in the water. 【答案】①is reflected　②lost　③on　④be reflected　⑤reflection 5．scare vt.& vi.恐嚇；受驚嚇

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①If there were anything to be scared ______， you wouldn't have chosen this place. 如果真的有什么可怕的東西，你就不能選擇這個(gè)地方了。 scaring　adj.令人害怕的；嚇人的 scared　adj.受驚嚇的；感到害怕的 be scared of ＝be afraid of…　害怕…… be scared to do…　不敢做…… be scared that…　害怕…… 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　I got scared and I ran and left her all alone. 我一害怕就跑了，把她一個(gè)人扔下了。 People are scared to use the buses late at night. 人們害怕在深夜乘坐公共汽車。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 ②The scene was so __________(scare) that he was scared ________ death. ③Local businesses were scared into ________(pay) protection money. 【答案】①of　②scaring; to　③paying 1．help(…) out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①They follow the rules, help ________， and are concerned about the people they work with. 他們遵守規(guī)則，幫助并且關(guān)心一起工作的人們。(2024江蘇) (1)help sb.with/(to) do sth.　幫助某人某事/做某事 can't help doing sth.　忍不住做某事 can't help (to) do sth.　不能幫忙做某事 can't help but do　只得做；不得不做 help oneself (to sth.)　隨便自己動(dòng)手(夾菜吃、用……等) 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　(2)with the help of sb.＝with one's help　在某人的幫助下 without/but for one's help　要不是某人的幫助(常與虛擬連用) He was rushing back to help them out of poverty. 他急速地跑回去幫他們擺脫貧窮。 He is such a selfless man.You can't help but respect him. 他是這樣一個(gè)毫無私心的人， 你不由得不尊敬他。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 語法填空 ②It was ________ the help of him that we helped our friends out of trouble. ③But for his help, I couldn't _____________ (accomplish) the task yesterday. ④Hearing the song, he can't help __________(call) up his childhood.　 ⑤I am too busy.I am afraid I can't help you ____________ (deal) with the problem tomorrow. 【答案】①out　②with　③have accomplished　④calling　⑤(to) deal 2．be/become aware of對(duì)……知道、明白；意識(shí)到…… 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①If she had been ____________ that the mushrooms were poisonous, she wouldn't have picked them for dinner. 要是知道這些蘑菇有毒，她就不會(huì)采來做晚餐了。(2024湖北) (1)be aware that…　知道；體會(huì)到…… make sb.aware of/that…　使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意…… as far as I'm aware　據(jù)我所知 (2)awareness　n．意識(shí)；認(rèn)識(shí) develop an awareness of…　培養(yǎng)……的意識(shí) raise awareness　提高認(rèn)識(shí) lack of awareness　缺乏認(rèn)識(shí) 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them. 到其他國(guó)家的時(shí)候，你應(yīng)該意識(shí)到那些差異并尊重它們。(2024重慶) Everybody should be made aware of the risks involved. 應(yīng)該讓人人都知道其中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 完成句子 ②We should ________________________ (讓我們的孩子意識(shí)到) the importance of protecting the environment. ③________________(我認(rèn)為), some students aren't __________________(意識(shí)到……的重要性) college education _______________ (因?yàn)槿狈φJ(rèn)識(shí))．

　　【答案】①aware　②make our children aware of　③ As far as I'm aware; aware of the importance of; for lack of awareness 1．As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. 隨著我們的逼近， 我能看見一條鯨魚正在被其他六條虎鯨襲擊。 句型提煉： see sb./sth. being done 句型“see a whale being attacked”意為“看到一條鯨魚正在被襲擊”。句中的being attacked作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示動(dòng)作正在被進(jìn)行。being done除了作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行外， 還有以下句法功能： (1)作后置定語，表示被動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行； (2)作賓語，表示被動(dòng)； (3)作主語，表示被動(dòng)。 【句型剖析】

　　Everyone enjoys being respected by others.

　　每個(gè)人都喜歡被他人尊敬。 The young man being questioned by the policeman is his brother. 那個(gè)正在被警察詢問的年輕人是他的哥哥。 Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代價(jià)是不管你走到哪里， 都會(huì)被人認(rèn)出來。 Unit 3　Under the sea 話題·自然環(huán)境 (2024廣西四市高三聯(lián)考) 假定你是李華，家鄉(xiāng)有一片濕地(wetland)，每到春天，有很多鳥類，包括一些珍稀、瀕危鳥類。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要求和你的想象給WWF(世界野生動(dòng)物基金)寫一封信。 1．鳥類經(jīng)常受到傷害； 2．濕地面積減少； 3．提出你的建議。 【晨背范文】 Dear WWF， There are wetlands in my hometown.And every spring, many birds come to live here, including several rare and endangered ones.With various birds everywhere, my hometown looks very beautiful.However, the birds are being badly affected by our human activities. The harm to the birds is various.Eggs are often picked up.Worse still, people even catch or poison birds for meat.The size of the wetlands is becoming smaller and smaller due to farming.Pollution from chemical factories is also a big problem.Fewer birds arrive here each year! I strongly suggest taking actions to save the birds.A wetland reserve should be set up to make sure no one shall harm the birds.We human beings should live with birds peacefully and happily. ★話題詞匯 1．surroundings　n．環(huán)境 2．conservation　n．保護(hù) 3．a(chǎn)dvocate　v．提倡 4．take responsibility for　對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)任 5．environmental awareness　環(huán)保意識(shí) 6．keep ecological balance　保持生態(tài)平衡

　　★話題佳句 1．When haze comes, the whole city will be covered with dust and smog, causing serious problems to our health. 當(dāng)霧霾來臨的時(shí)候，整個(gè)城市籠罩著灰塵和煙霧，對(duì)健康造成很大的危害。 2．I hold the firm belief that with our joint efforts, our society will become a more enjoyable place in the near future. 我堅(jiān)信在我們的共同努力下，我們的社會(huì)在不久的將來會(huì)變成一個(gè)更加宜人的地方。 3．More and more cars will give out poisonous gases and cause air pollution, which does great harm to the environment. 越來越多的汽車將釋放出有毒氣體，導(dǎo)致空氣污染，對(duì)環(huán)境造成極大損害。 Ⅰ.單詞速憶 1．________vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到；目擊n.目擊者；證人； 證據(jù) 2．________vi.&n.暫停； 中止 3．________vt.拖； 拉； 扯 4．________n．目標(biāo)； 靶； 受批評(píng)的對(duì)象 5．________adj.相對(duì)的； 相反的 prep.在……對(duì)面 witness

　　pause drag target opposite 6．__________adj.淺的；膚淺的；淺顯的 7．__________vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 8．____________adj.好的； 整齊的； 勻稱的 9．____________vt.放棄；遺棄；拋棄 →____________ adj.放縱的；墮落的 10．________vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考 →____________ n．映像；思考；反映 shallow urge neat

　　abandon abandoned reflect reflection 11．_______vi.逃避； 逃跑vt.逃離 →________ (過去式)

　　→________ (過去分詞) 12．________ vt.恐嚇vi.受驚嚇 →__________ adj.恐懼的；害怕的 →__________ adj.引起恐慌的 13．_______________n．住所；住宿 →_______________ v．提供住宿 flee fled fled　 scare scared scary accommodation accommodate 14．____________n．保護(hù)；保存 →____________ vt.保存；保護(hù) 15．____________ adj.好吃的；有品位的 →__________vt.品嘗 →____________ adj.無味的；粗俗的；無鑒賞力的 16．__________ adj.意識(shí)到的；知道的 →____________n．意識(shí) conservation conserve tasty taste tasteless

　　aware awareness 17．_______ adj.銳利的；鋒利的；敏捷的 →__________v．(使)鋒利；(使)銳利 18．________ adj.狹窄的；有限的；狹隘的 →__________ adv.僅僅；勉強(qiáng)地 19．_______ adj.每年的；按年度計(jì)算的n.年刊；年鑒 →_________ adv.年度地；每年地 sharp sharpen narrow

　　narrowly annual

　　annually Ⅱ.短語快譯

　　1．__________________對(duì)……知道、明白；意識(shí)到…… 2．__________________幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難 3．__________________嚇?biāo)懒?4．__________________ 瞄準(zhǔn) 5．__________________舉起；抬起；支撐；阻擋；使延誤 be/become aware of

　　help (…) out

　　(be) scared to death aim at hold up 6．______________整理；選出；解決 7．______________靠近 8．______________上下翻轉(zhuǎn) 9．______________在此期間；與此同時(shí) 10．_____________優(yōu)于；在……前面 sort out get close to upside down in the meantime ahead of Ⅲ.句式仿寫 1．It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(a time＋when引導(dǎo)的定語從句) 仿寫：這個(gè)老人曾一度領(lǐng)不到養(yǎng)老金，這讓他非常憤怒。 There was ________________________ pension, which made him very angry. 【答案】a time when the old man couldn't get 2．We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.(see…doing…看到……正在做) 仿寫：剛才我看到我的朋友湯姆在公園里慢跑。 I ________________ in the park just now. 【答案】saw my friend Tom jogging 3．As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.(v.-ing的被動(dòng)式作賓語補(bǔ)足語) 仿寫：當(dāng)我到達(dá)汽車修理店的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的汽車正在被修理。

　　When arriving at the garage, I___________________________________. 【答案】found my car being repaired 4．I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic！(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語) 仿寫：我看到老師手里拿著一副中國(guó)地圖走進(jìn)了教室。 I saw the teacher enter the classroom ___________________________________. 【答案】with a map of China in his hand 5．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(where…， there be…“在……的地方有……”) 仿寫：眾所周知，有志者事竟成。 As we all know, ______________， there is a way. 【答案】where there is a will Ⅳ.單元語法 v．-ing形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．The old man is afraid of ______________ (abandon) by his son. 2．______________ (expose) to violent programs will be bad for children. 3．He said that he didn't mind ______________ (tease) in public. 4．We should take some measures to prevent the river ______________ (pollute)． 5．Just now I saw the boy ______________ (beat) by his father when I passed by. 【答案】1.being abandoned　2.Being exposed　3.being teased　4．being polluted　5.being beaten Ⅴ.教材活用 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 One day, a sailor was just sorting out his accommodation when he saw a killer whale 1.________(throw) itself out of water and crashing down.2.________the old sailor knew, the killer whale 3.________(name) Old Tom was suggesting there was a whale 4.________(wait) for them. So all the sailors drove the boat leaving the bay and heading 5.________the destination.With Old Tom showing the way, the sailors soon saw a huge whale6.________(be) attacked by a group of killer whales.And those killers seemed to know how to work as 7.________team.Some used their body to stop the whale breathing, and others managed 8.________(stop) it diving or fleeing out to the sea. After arriving at the spot, the sailors9.________ (take) their position to stab the whale.Then the whale was dragged into the 10.________(deep) of the sea, enjoyed by the killer whales. 1．witness vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到；目擊n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù)

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①Three weeks ago, I __________a small near-disaster a few miles west of here. 幾天前，在這兒西邊幾英里處，我目睹了一件差一點(diǎn)成為災(zāi)難的事件。(2024湖北) (1)witness to sth./doing sth.　作證證明某事/做某事 witness for　為……作證 (2)a witness to sth.　某事的證人/證明 bear/give witness to sth.　為……作證；證明 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. 這一次，作為鑒定證人，他運(yùn)用環(huán)保法解釋了在濕地內(nèi)和濕地周圍限制發(fā)展的原因以及利用濕地生態(tài)學(xué)幫助發(fā)展的知識(shí)。(2024湖南) The passer-by witnessed to having seen the man fleeing from the shop. 路過者作證說，他看到此人從商店逃跑。 【舉一反三】 英語中常使用擬人修辭手法的句子，主語通常是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或心愛之物，如車、船等的名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞常為witness, see, find等。 The past ten years has witnessed/seen the great changes in China. 過去的十年見證了中國(guó)發(fā)生的巨變。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 用witness的適當(dāng)形式填空 ②The last Spring Festival ____________ too many traffic jams on the express way. ③The two __________ who __________ to having seen Tom break into the house gave __________ to the police. 【答案】①witnessed　②witnessed ③witnesses; witnessed; witness 2．urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 n．強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)

　　【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①A student whose friends are good at academics may __________to study harder and get good grades. 如果一個(gè)學(xué)生的朋友學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)好，他或她有可能被督促更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)，取得好的成績(jī)。(2024江蘇)