2024屆高考英語二輪專題總復習閱讀能力培養精品系列（三十四）

　　完形填空

　　The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet(彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably__1__the southern half of the Earth.

　　__2__17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth's __3__ with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the __4__

　　part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of __5__. The sea __6__ and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread out from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African are totally destroyed and millions of people are__7__.

　　Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet __8___ in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are__9__ off in the Andes Mountains. The shock __10__move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely __11__by earthquakes. Millions of people in the __12__ half of the earth are already dead, __13__

　　the north won't be safe for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is __14__

　　by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world falls to almost zero. Crops are ruined.The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars __15__ as countries fight for __16__.A year later, no more than 10 million people remain __17__.

　　Could it really __18__？ In fact, it has already more than once in the history of the Earth. Science shows that the dinosaurs(恐龍)__19__on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of heavenly object. The dinosaurs couldn't live __20__ the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?

　　1．A.attack

　　　B．hitC．beatD．damage

　　2．A.On

　　B．In

　　C．At

　　D．During

　　3．A.air

　　B．environment C．situation

　　D．atmosphere

　　4．A.rest

　　B．other

　　C．remaining

　　D．half

　　5．A.sound

　　B．light

　　C．earth

　　D．air

　　6．A.burns

　　B．destroys

　　C．harms

　　D．boils

　　7．A.dead

　　B．lost

　　C．killed

　　D．damaged

　　8．A.enters

　　B．comes

　　C．flies

　　D．lands

　　9．A.sent

　　B．set

　　C．caused

　　D．made

　　10．A.rocks

　　B．waves

　　C．earth

　　D．shakes

　　11．A.damaged

　　B．changed

　　C．ruined

　　D．injured

　　12．A.southern

　　B．northern

　　C．western

　　D．eastern

　　13．A.and

　　B．besides

　　C．but

　　D．so

　　14．A.colored

　　B．hidden

　　C．polluted

　　D．shut

　　15．A.come out

　　B．erupt

　　C．take place

　　D．break out

　　16．A.water

　　B．money

　　C．food

　　D．the earth

　　17．A.dead

　　B．injuredC．active

　　D．on the earth

　　18．A.be true

　　B．happen C．hit the earth

　　D．destroy the world

　　19．A.have been

　　B．had been

　　C．were

　　D．would be

　　20. A．for

　　B．through

　　C．with

　　D．on

　　閱讀理解

　　A

　　A Plan For Exploring Mars

　　NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a longarmed lander on Mars' icy north pole to search for clues (線索) for water and possible signs of life.

　　The MYM386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008.The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples (標本，樣品) to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of icerich soil near the arctic surface.

　　Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes(微生物)existed in the ice.

　　Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth，” Peter Smith said.

　　True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous(先前的) missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999.The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely,_causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction.

　　The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later.

　　1．The passage mainly tells readers that ________.

　　A．clues of water will be found in Phoenix

　　B．Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars

　　C．August 2007 will see Phoenix lift off

　　D．the Mars Scout program will be carried out

　　2．The underlined word “prematurely” (Paragraph 5) means “________”．

　　A．on time

　　B．behind the time

　　C．out of work

　　D．ahead of time

　　3．According to the passage, we know Phoenix will land on Mars ________.

　　A．in May 2008

　　B．in August 2007

　　C．in August 2008

　　D．in September 2008

　　4．According to the passage, the name “Phoenix” is after the meaning of ________.

　　A．rebirth

　　B．death

　　C．energy

　　D．hope

　　5．After Phoenix lands on Mars, we can infer it will firstly ________.

　　A．find soil samples and send them to the earth

　　B．look for the icy land to dig for the soil samples

　　C．take photos and send them to the earth

　　D．find the remains of the Mars Polar Lander

　　B

　　Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星)which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.

　　However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(橢圓形)．

　　Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解決，計算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.

　　This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more his thought that there had been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.

　　It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain thought to make a prediction(預言)of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley's comet, in his honour.

　　6．Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ______.

　　A．some different comets appearing several times

　　B．the same comet appearing at different times

　　C．three different comets appearing at the same time

　　D．several comets appearing at the same time

　　7．Halley made his discovery ______.

　　A．by doing experiments

　　B．by means of his own careful observation

　　C．by using the working of other scientists

　　D．by chance

　　8．Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year______.

　　A．1704

　　B．1705

　　C．1706

　　D．1707

　　9．This passage in general is about ______.

　　A．Halley and other scientists

　　B．the orbit of a comet

　　C．Newton and Halley

　　D．Halley and his discovery

　　10．Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.

　　B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.

　　C．Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician.

　　D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of a round.

　　參考答案

　　1.解析：選B。彗星應該是“擊中”地球，所以應該是hit。 beat意為反復的 “擊打”。

　　2．解析：選A。有具體日期的時間短語前要用on。

　　3．解析：選D。彗星碎塊進入“大氣層”。所以應該是atmosphere。

　　4．解析：選D。該塊彗星石的大部分已經燃燒，剩下的部分和地球相撞。rest不能作定語。只能說the rest of sth.。

　　5．解析：選A。以兩百倍聲速才符合科學常識。

　　6．解析：選D。大海沸騰起來，而不是燃燒起來。harm和destroy詞義不符題意，另外也不能作不及物動詞。

　　7．解析：選C。好幾百萬人丟了命。dead表示死亡狀態；sb. be lost表示迷路。

　　8．解析：選D。另一塊彗星降落在阿根廷境內。

　　9．解析：選B。句意為：火山和地震被引發。set sth. off引發某物劇烈發生。

　　10．解析：選B。shock waves沖擊波。

　　11．解析：選C。這兩座城市完全被毀滅。

　　12．解析：選A。第一段最后一句提示了兩塊彗星會擊中南半球。

　　13．解析：選A。這前后兩句應該為遞進關系。

　　14．解析：選B。太陽被云層遮蓋。

　　15．解析：選D。戰爭爆發應該用break out。

　　16．解析：選C。前句說“Crops are ruined”，所以國與國會為爭奪糧食而戰。

　　17．解析：選D。一年后地球上僅僅存留著一千萬人。

　　18．解析：選B。此句意為“這種事情真的會發生嗎”，而非“這種事情可能是事實嗎”；因為it應該指這種事情，而不是該彗星，所以C、D兩項都不對。

　　19．解析：選C。此句應為“恐龍曾經在地球上生活過1.6億年”，并沒有延續到現在，所以不能為現在完成時態；另外，shows是現在時態，所以答案也不能是過去完成時態。

　　20．解析：選B。恐龍不能“度過這樣的氣候”。

　　2024屆高考英語二輪專題總復習閱讀能力培養精品系列（三十四）

　　完形填空

　　The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet(彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably__1__the southern half of the Earth.

　　__2__17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth's __3__ with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the __4__

　　part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of __5__. The sea __6__ and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread out from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African are totally destroyed and millions of people are__7__.

　　Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet __8___ in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are__9__ off in the Andes Mountains. The shock __10__move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely __11__by earthquakes. Millions of people in the __12__ half of the earth are already dead, __13__

　　the north won't be safe for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is __14__

　　by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world falls to almost zero. Crops are ruined.The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars __15__ as countries fight for __16__.A year later, no more than 10 million people remain __17__.

　　Could it really __18__？ In fact, it has already more than once in the history of the Earth. Science shows that the dinosaurs(恐龍)__19__on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of heavenly object. The dinosaurs couldn't live __20__ the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?

　　1．A.attack

　　　B．hitC．beatD．damage

　　2．A.On

　　B．In

　　C．At

　　D．During

　　3．A.air

　　B．environment C．situation

　　D．atmosphere

　　4．A.rest

　　B．other

　　C．remaining

　　D．half

　　5．A.sound

　　B．light

　　C．earth

　　D．air

　　6．A.burns

　　B．destroys

　　C．harms

　　D．boils

　　7．A.dead

　　B．lost

　　C．killed

　　D．damaged

　　8．A.enters

　　B．comes

　　C．flies

　　D．lands

　　9．A.sent

　　B．set

　　C．caused

　　D．made

　　10．A.rocks

　　B．waves

　　C．earth

　　D．shakes

　　11．A.damaged

　　B．changed

　　C．ruined

　　D．injured

　　12．A.southern

　　B．northern

　　C．western

　　D．eastern

　　13．A.and

　　B．besides

　　C．but

　　D．so

　　14．A.colored

　　B．hidden

　　C．polluted

　　D．shut

　　15．A.come out

　　B．erupt

　　C．take place

　　D．break out

　　16．A.water

　　B．money

　　C．food

　　D．the earth

　　17．A.dead

　　B．injuredC．active

　　D．on the earth

　　18．A.be true

　　B．happen C．hit the earth

　　D．destroy the world

　　19．A.have been

　　B．had been

　　C．were

　　D．would be

　　20. A．for

　　B．through

　　C．with

　　D．on

　　閱讀理解

　　A

　　A Plan For Exploring Mars

　　NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a longarmed lander on Mars' icy north pole to search for clues (線索) for water and possible signs of life.

　　The MYM386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008.The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples (標本，樣品) to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of icerich soil near the arctic surface.

　　Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes(微生物)existed in the ice.

　　Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth，” Peter Smith said.

　　True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous(先前的) missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999.The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely,_causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction.

　　The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later.

　　1．The passage mainly tells readers that ________.

　　A．clues of water will be found in Phoenix

　　B．Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars

　　C．August 2007 will see Phoenix lift off

　　D．the Mars Scout program will be carried out

　　2．The underlined word “prematurely” (Paragraph 5) means “________”．

　　A．on time

　　B．behind the time

　　C．out of work

　　D．ahead of time

　　3．According to the passage, we know Phoenix will land on Mars ________.

　　A．in May 2008

　　B．in August 2007

　　C．in August 2008

　　D．in September 2008

　　4．According to the passage, the name “Phoenix” is after the meaning of ________.

　　A．rebirth

　　B．death

　　C．energy

　　D．hope

　　5．After Phoenix lands on Mars, we can infer it will firstly ________.

　　A．find soil samples and send them to the earth

　　B．look for the icy land to dig for the soil samples

　　C．take photos and send them to the earth

　　D．find the remains of the Mars Polar Lander

　　B

　　Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星)which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.

　　However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(橢圓形)．

　　Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解決，計算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.

　　This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more his thought that there had been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.

　　It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain thought to make a prediction(預言)of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley's comet, in his honour.

　　6．Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ______.

　　A．some different comets appearing several times

　　B．the same comet appearing at different times

　　C．three different comets appearing at the same time

　　D．several comets appearing at the same time

　　7．Halley made his discovery ______.

　　A．by doing experiments

　　B．by means of his own careful observation

　　C．by using the working of other scientists

　　D．by chance

　　8．Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year______.

　　A．1704

　　B．1705

　　C．1706

　　D．1707

　　9．This passage in general is about ______.

　　A．Halley and other scientists

　　B．the orbit of a comet

　　C．Newton and Halley

　　D．Halley and his discovery

　　10．Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.

　　B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.

　　C．Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician.

　　D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of a round.

　　參考答案

　　1.解析：選B。彗星應該是“擊中”地球，所以應該是hit。 beat意為反復的 “擊打”。

　　2．解析：選A。有具體日期的時間短語前要用on。

　　3．解析：選D。彗星碎塊進入“大氣層”。所以應該是atmosphere。

　　4．解析：選D。該塊彗星石的大部分已經燃燒，剩下的部分和地球相撞。rest不能作定語。只能說the rest of sth.。

　　5．解析：選A。以兩百倍聲速才符合科學常識。

　　6．解析：選D。大海沸騰起來，而不是燃燒起來。harm和destroy詞義不符題意，另外也不能作不及物動詞。

　　7．解析：選C。好幾百萬人丟了命。dead表示死亡狀態；sb. be lost表示迷路。

　　8．解析：選D。另一塊彗星降落在阿根廷境內。

　　9．解析：選B。句意為：火山和地震被引發。set sth. off引發某物劇烈發生。

　　10．解析：選B。shock waves沖擊波。

　　11．解析：選C。這兩座城市完全被毀滅。

　　12．解析：選A。第一段最后一句提示了兩塊彗星會擊中南半球。

　　13．解析：選A。這前后兩句應該為遞進關系。

　　14．解析：選B。太陽被云層遮蓋。

　　15．解析：選D。戰爭爆發應該用break out。

　　16．解析：選C。前句說“Crops are ruined”，所以國與國會為爭奪糧食而戰。

　　17．解析：選D。一年后地球上僅僅存留著一千萬人。

　　18．解析：選B。此句意為“這種事情真的會發生嗎”，而非“這種事情可能是事實嗎”；因為it應該指這種事情，而不是該彗星，所以C、D兩項都不對。

　　19．解析：選C。此句應為“恐龍曾經在地球上生活過1.6億年”，并沒有延續到現在，所以不能為現在完成時態；另外，shows是現在時態，所以答案也不能是過去完成時態。

　　20．解析：選B。恐龍不能“度過這樣的氣候”。