問題：作者意圖判斷錯誤

　　【問題描述與分析】

　　近年的完形的文章一般是積極向上的，或激勵，或表達理解，但是很多考生常常是“看一葉而忽視整樹”，過分鉆研細節而忽略了作者真正的意圖，這樣容易導致大范圍理解錯誤而大量失分。

　　【例】 It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members__36__the hall. I was only a 7-year-old girl, but I was the center of__37__. Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would__38__all my hard work in a dance of performance. Everything would be__39__—so I thought. I waited backstage all__40__in my black tights with a golden belt. In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies__41__that my class was next.

　　My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet, facing the__42__.All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box. It really was an__43__move. I was concentrating so much__44__the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look__45__I was going. I missed my partner’s box altogether and__46__. There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes. I could hear giggles(咯咯笑)coming from the audience, and I felt the__47__rush to my face. I remembered my dance teacher had told us，“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not__48__.” I did my best to follow her__49__as I continued with the routine.

　　When the curtain dropped, so did my__50__for the evening. I __51__bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face. I ran backstage, but no one could__52__me down.

　　Recently I realized I had been a__53__that night. I was__54__，but I fought the urge to run off the stage.__55__， I finished the routine with a smile on my face. Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance, I can laugh too.(2010·山東卷)

　　36．A.filled

　　B．visited

　　C．attended

　　D．decorated

　　37．A.pressure

　　B．impression

　　C．debate

　　D．attention

　　38．A.take over

　　B．show off

　　C．look after

　　D．give up

　　39．A.reasonable

　　B．suitable

　　C．obvious

　　D．perfect

　　40．A.dressed up

　　B．folded up

　　C．covered up

　　D．mixed up

　　41．A.suggested

　　B．explained

　　C．announced

　　D．predicted

　　42．A.music

　　B．audience

　　C．curtain

　　D．stage

　　43．A.easy

　　B．active

　　C．adventurous

　　D．extra

　　44．A.containing

　　B．hiding

　　C．sharing

　　D．keeping

　　45．A.why

　　B．whether

　　C．where

　　D．what

　　46．A.wandered

　　B．slipped

　　C．waved

　　D．skipped

　　47．A.blood

　　B．pleasure

　　C．pride

　　D．tear

　　48．A.leave

　　B．cheer

　　C．believe

　　D．notice

　　49．A.gesture

　　B．example

　　C．advice

　　D．plan

　　50．A.doubts

　　B．hopes

　　C．voice

　　D．patience

　　51．A.argued

　　B．shouted

　　C．begged

　　D．sobbed

　　52．A.turn

　　B．calm

　　C．let

　　D．put

　　53．A.star

　　B．pioneer

　　C．loser

　　D．fool

　　54．A.satisfied

　　B．moved

　　C．embarrassed

　　D．confused

　　55．A.However

　　B．Instead

　　C．In total

　　D．It return

　　【解題導語】 文是一篇記敘文，作者采取倒敘的方式回顧了影響自己人生的一次經歷，文章敘述時并不是平鋪直敘，而是有起伏的，當作者失誤的時候，很多考生認為作者是失敗了，以為作者可能是從失敗的教訓里得到了寶貴的經驗，但是文章的52和53的強烈轉折是本文的關鍵，作者不認為自己是失敗，相反由于自己遵從老師的話而堅持下來是成功的，對自己是一次非常寶貴的經驗。所以注意分析作者的寫作意圖對于成功做題是非常有益的。

　　36．答案：A　[從語境和動詞選項看，這里用動詞filled表示“使某物充滿(另一物)；裝滿”：大廳里坐滿了前來觀看表演的家人，也充滿了興奮的氣氛。]

　　37．答案：D　[從語境的“大廳里充滿興奮的氣氛，坐滿了家人”可知他們是來看我表演。因此語境表示7歲的我成為大家關注的中心，用the center of attention表示“大家關注的中心”。pressure壓力；impression印象；debate爭論，三項均不符合語境。]

　　38．答案：B　[最終，在幾周的準備之后，我將通過舞蹈表演來展示我辛勤勞動的成果。show off顯示，炫耀；take over接管；look after照看；give up放棄，從語境的連貫性判斷選B表示“展示”。]

　　39．答案：D　[經過幾個星期的準備，我此時準備在大家面前露一手。由此判斷，此時的“我”覺得一切都會很完美。所以選D]

　　40．答案：A　[下文說節目主持人用嘹亮而清晰的聲音宣布接下來就是我們班級的表演，由此判斷，“我”在后臺穿好了表演服裝。dress up 盛裝打扮；fold up 折疊；cover up蓋住，遮住；mix up混淆。]

　　41．答案：C　[這里表示節目演出中主持人宣布演出的節目，因此選C。announce宣布，宣讀。]

　　42．答案：B　[既然是登臺表演，面對的自然是觀眾(the audience)，而不是“音樂、幕布、舞臺”，故選B。]

　　43．答案：A　[語境說“我的微笑，我的頭抬得高高的”，可見作者此時非常自得，滿臉都是綻放的微笑，因此選A，“這個動作太容易了”。本句為后面敘述我的失誤埋下伏筆。]

　　44．答案：D　[從語境看，我這個小演員此時躊躇滿志，決定好好地表演一番，于是把注意力全都集中在如何使我的微笑不消失。]

　　45．答案：C　[這里用where引導狀語從句表示地點：我只顧著笑對觀眾，卻沒有注意自己的腳下。]

　　46．答案：B　[從最后一段最后一句I slipped during a performance我在這次舞蹈表演中跌倒。可知選B。]

　　47．答案：A　[我沒有注意同伴們的動作，結果表演出錯，引來觀眾的一片嘲笑，此時我感到一股熱血往臉上涌來，也就是說，此時我的臉都覺得發燙，臉紅了。從這些分析判斷選A。]

　　48．答案：D　[雖然出錯，但保持微笑可以使觀眾不注意到你的錯誤。leave離開，cheer歡呼，believe相信，均不符合語境。故選D。]

　　49．答案：C　[根據后文as I continued with the routine(在我繼續進行舞蹈動作)可知我努力按老師說的做。follow one’s advice按某人說的做。因此選C。]

　　50．答案：B　[由于表演中出錯，幕布降落，演出結束，我的希望隨著幕布降落而破滅。所以選B。doubt疑惑；voice聲音；patience耐心，均與語境不符。]

　　51．答案：D　[從tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face(品嘗著順著臉往下流的眼淚的咸味)得知此處應該是哭泣。故選D。]

　　52．答案：B　[從前文I sobbed bitterly(我哭得很傷心)得知沒有人能夠讓我平靜下來。turn sb. down拒絕某人；let down使失望；put down放下；只有calm down(使平靜)符合語境。故選B。]

　　53．答案：A　[從最后一段I finished the routine with a smile on my face.(我面帶微笑完成舞蹈動作。)可以看出雖然我有失誤，但我依然按要求完成了舞蹈動作，并沒有因失誤半途而廢。雖敗猶榮。pioneer先驅；loser輸家；fool傻瓜，都不符合短文內容，故被排除。所以選A。]

　　54．答案：C　[根據第二段第七句的and I felt the blood rush to my face(并且我感到臉一下子紅了)推知我很尷尬。satisfied感到滿意的；moved感動的；confused迷惑不解的。都不能準確描述我的感受，應該排除。故選C。]

　　55．答案：B　[從but I fought the urge to run off the stage(但是我克制了想離開舞臺的想法)和I finished the routine with a smile on my face(我面帶微笑完成舞蹈動作)看出有轉折并進一步說明之意。however然而，只表示轉折；in total總計；in return作為回報，均不符合語境，所以被排除。因此選B。]

　　【解決方案與復習指南】

　　在第一遍瀏覽文章時要盡量用筆畫出文眼——即文章的關鍵點，然后用這些點串全文，力圖正確理解作者的意圖。如：

　　Robert Moody, 52, is an experienced police officer, Much of his work involves dealing with__16__gang(團伙)problems in the schools of his community. Knowing that many kids often__17__trouble, he decided to do something about it. So in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day__18__.

　　Those fun trips had a(n)__19__impact. A chance encounter in 2000 proved that. One day, __20__working security at a school basketball game, Moody noticed two young guys__21__. He sensed trouble between them.__22__one of them headed toward Moody and gave him a hug. “I__23__you. You took me__24__when I was in fifth grade. That was one of the__25__days of my life.”

　　Deeply touched by the boy’s words, Moody decided to create a foundation (基金會)that__26__teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw__27__there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging__28__on the kids，” says Moody.

　　By turning kids on to fishing, he__29__to present an alternative way of life，“When you’re sitting there waiting for a__30__，” he says, “you can’t help but talk to each other, and such__31__can be pretty deep.”

　　“Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer (同齡人)pressures in high school，” says Michelle, who__32__the first program.“And I was able to help my little brother__33__drugs.”

　　Moody faces__34__in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation full-time. “I’m living a happy life and I have a responsibility to my__35__to give back，” Moody says.“If I teach a kid to fish today, he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow.”(2010·天津卷)

　　16．A.drinking

　　B．drug

　　C．security

　　D．smoking

　　17．A.ran into

　　B．got over

　　C．left behind

　　D．looked into

　　18．A.ahead

　　B．away

　　C．off

　　D．out

　　19．A.immediate

　　B．damaging

　　C．limited

　　D．lasting

　　20．A.once

　　B．while

　　C．since

　　D．until

　　21．A.quarreling

　　B．complaining

　　C．talking

　　D．cheering

　　22．A.Slowly

　　B．Suddenly

　　C．Finally

　　D．Secretly

　　23．A.understand

　　B．hear

　　C．see

　　D．remember

　　24．A.fishing

　　B．sailing

　　C．boating

　　D．swimming

　　25．A.quietest

　　B．longest

　　C．best

　　D．busiest

　　26．A.connects

　　B．introduces

　　C．reduces

　　D．commits

　　27．A.where

　　B．unless

　　C．as

　　D．whether

　　28．A.impression

　　B．burden

　　C．decision

　　D．impact

　　29．A.asked

　　B．intended

　　C．pretended

　　D．agreed

　　30．A.solution

　　B．change

　　C．bite

　　D．surprise

　　31．A.concerns

　　B．interests

　　C．conversations

　　D．emotions

　　32．A.participated in

　　B．worked out

　　C．approved of

　　D．made up

　　33．A.misuse

　　B．avoid

　　C．tolerate

　　D．test

　　34．A.unemployment

　　B．challenge

　　C．competition

　　D．retirement

　　35．A.team

　　B．school

　　C．family

　　D．community

　　16．答案：B　[從文章第三和第五段的內容可知Moody主要負責青少年的吸毒問題。]

　　17．答案：A　[該句意為“Moody了解到孩子們經常陷入麻煩，所以他決定采取措施”。A.進入，陷入；B.克服；C.落后；D.調查。]

　　18．答案：C　[Moody采取的措施是利用休息時間帶一部分孩子出去釣魚。on his day off意為“在他的業余時間”；on his day away/ out意為“他不在的時候，外出的時候”，不合題意。]

　　19．答案： D　[第二段講了一個曾和Moody釣魚的孩子多年以后依然感激他的事情，表明這個釣魚的策劃影響深遠，因此。選D 。]

　　20．答案：B　[設空處前是一個時間狀語，該處需選一個能和后面working連用的連詞，因此選while。]

　　21．答案：A　[從下句中He sensed trouble來看，Moody應該是注意到了兩個男生在爭吵，所以選quarreling。 B．抱怨；C.談話；D.歡呼。]

　　22．答案：B　[此空為句首副詞，承上啟下，按照故事發展，前面兩個孩子吵架，看到Moody就突然過來擁抱他，應該是很突然的，所以選Suddenly。]

　　23．答案：D　[這個男孩后面說五年級的時候Moody曾經帶他去釣魚，時隔已久，所以應該是記得Moody，所以選remember。A.理解；B.聽見；C.看見。]

　　24．答案：A　[從第一段最后一句可知Moody曾經帶孩子們去釣魚。]

　　25．答案：C　[根據前面孩子擁抱Moody的表現來看，那應該是幸福美好的記憶，所以選best。]

　　26．答案：B　[從設空處后面的the basics of fishing來看，該基金會主要是向孩子們介紹基本釣魚入門知識，所以選introduces。A.連接；C.減少；D.委托，承諾。]

　　27．答案：A　[“凡是有暴力的地方，往往背后有毒品“，所以設空處缺少一個地點狀語的引導詞，即where。B.除非；C.因為；D.是否，均不符合題意。]

　　28．答案：D　[該句承接上文，意為“毒品對孩子們的危害影響極大”，短語have a damaging impact on sb.意為“對某人有很壞的影響”。A.印象；B.負擔；C.決定。]

　　29．答案：B　[第四段講Moody通過把孩子們的注意力到轉移釣魚上的措施，目的在于展現給孩子們另一種生活選擇。所以設空處表示的是此舉的目的，所以選intended (to)“意圖在于”。A.詢問；C.假裝；D.同意。]

　　30．答案：C　[Moody 說在釣魚的時候，只能是等著魚咬鉤，所以選bite。A.解決辦法；B.改變；D.驚訝。]