2024高考英語二輪閱讀理解精選（01）及答案

　　A

　　(·湖北卷，A)

　　Honesty，my mum always used to tell me，is the best policy.Of course，this didn't include her when she told me that if I didn't eat all my vegetables Father Christmas would find out and wouldn't give me any presents.

　　But when it comes to medicine，I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients.After all，the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust，and therefore honesty is essential. Or so I thought.

　　I had just started working in geriatrics (老年病科)．Mr.McMahon was brought in when his belly was found very swollen.I took a medical history from his daughter who'd accompanied him in the ambulance.She'd been his main carer for years.I stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history.“Has he lost any weight recently？” I asked，“Well，it's funny you should mention that，but yes，” she said slowly.There was silence for a few moments.“Why? What are you worried about？” she asked，I hesitated.She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told her the truth.“Well，we need to prove it's not cancer.” I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.

　　Half an hour later，a nurse called me: “Mr.McMahon's daughter broke down—she said you told her he had cancer.” My heart sank.By the time I arrived at the ward，my consultant was already there，explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer.I stood silently at the end of the bed.My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr.McMahon，she turned to me.“Why on earth did you do that？” she asked in disbelief.I looked at her and bit my lip.“She asked me what I was worried about and I told her.” I said，hanging_my_head.“And give her more to worry about？” replied my consultant.“You don't say the word ‘cancer’ until it's confirmed.Even if you suspect it，think very carefully before you tell people.”

　　As it turned out，it wasn't cancer.But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimes selective in what they hear—and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this.In being truthful，I'd made the situation worse.

　　原本在一位醫生的心目中，誠實是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行誠實本分的處世原則。可是因為一次說了不夠確切的實話，卻讓一位病人受到了打擊，這件事讓這位醫生得出了一個結論：誠實有時候也會出錯。

　　1．The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author ________.

　　A．misunderstood the doctor-patient relationship

　　B．was anxious to receive Christmas gifts

　　C．regarded honesty as the best policy

　　D．had an unhealthy eating habit

　　答案：C。作者意圖題。從兩個段落的第一句話，字里行間“the best”“important”都透露出作者對于honesty的看法。

　　2．The author's consultant was angry with him because ________.

　　A．he told the daughter what he suspected

　　B．he delayed running the necessary tests

　　C．he failed to confirm the patient's disease

　　D．he forgot what the consultant had advised

　　答案：A。細節判斷題。第四段的開頭已經表明因為我的一番話，以及本段落的最后一句話也可以讀出正是因為我的不假思索，讓病人受到了打擊，故consultant對我不滿與氣憤，故選A。

　　3．The author hung his head (the underlined part in Para.4) because he was feeling ________.

　　A．guilty

　　B．hurt

　　C．disappointed

　　D．helpless

　　答案：A。細節判斷題。guilty意為：罪過感，羞愧，與劃線部分“耷拉了腦袋”在語境上非常符合。

　　4．What lesson has the author learnt from his experience?

　　A．Learning from parents is necessary.

　　B．Jumping to a conclusion is dangerous.

　　C．Telling the truth may not always be the best solution.

　　D．Selecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.

　　答案：C。理解判斷題。文章的最后一句話，正表明了作者的體會與結論：有時候，誠實不受歡迎。故選C。

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　　B

　　(·重慶卷，D)

　　William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dublin on June 13,1865. His childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. Later, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. In fact, he inherited (繼承) excellent taste in art from his family—both his father and his brother were painters. But he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戲劇) and poetry.

　　Yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s.His early theatrical experiments，however，were not received favorably at the beginning. He didn't lose heart，and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.

　　Compared with his dramatic works, Yeats's poems attract much admiring notice.The subject matter includes love，nature，history，time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.

　　He had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the Nobel Prize in 1923.Yet，he continued writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40，he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75. After Yeats's death in 1939, W．H. Auden wrote, among others, the following lines：

　　Earth，receive an honoured guest：

　　William Yeats is laid to rest.

　　Let the Irish vessel (船) lie

　　Emptied of its poetry.

　　本文介紹了愛爾蘭著名作家威廉·巴特勒葉慈，他在19世紀90年代成立了愛爾蘭國家劇院，他以詩體戲劇及詩歌聞名，于1923年獲得了諾貝爾獎。

　　5．Which of the following can describe Yeats's family?

　　A．It filled Yeats's childhood with laughter.

　　B．It was shocked by Yeats's choice.

　　C．It was a typically wealthy family.

　　D．It had an artistic atmosphere.

　　答案：D。細節理解題。根據短文第一段倒數第二句話可知：他從家人那兒繼承了很好的藝術鑒賞能力，他的父親和哥哥都是畫家，證明他是在一個有藝術氛圍的家庭中長大。

　　6．According to the passage，what do we know about Yeats's life?

　　A．Yeats founded the first Irish theater.

　　B．Yeats stuck to modern forms in his poetry.

　　C．Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.

　　D．Yeats was not favored by the public until the 1923 Noble Prize.

　　答案：C。細節理解題。根據短文第二段第二句話“He set himself...theatre in the late 1890s.”可知A項不對。根據第三段第三句話“Though Yeats...to them”可知，B項不對。根據第三段最后一句話可知，D項不對。由此可知C項正確。

　　7．What kind of feeling is expressed in W．H.Auden's lines?

　　A．Envy.

　　B．Sympathy.

　　C．Emptiness.

　　D．Admiration.

　　答案：D。推理判斷題。envy忌妒；sympathy同情；emptiness空虛；admiration敬佩，欽佩。Auden的詩詞中有honored guest，最尊敬的客人，可知Auden是敬佩葉慈的。

　　8．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. Yeats's literary achievements. B. Yeats's historical influence.

　　C. Yeats's artistic ambition. D. Yeats's national honor.

　　答案：A。主旨大意題。本文主要講述作家葉慈在文學方面所取得的成績，他的詩體戲劇獲得了很大的成功，他的詩歌贏得了廣泛的認可，1923年，他獲得了諾貝爾文學獎。

　　C

　　(·四川卷，C)

　　The multi-million pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(數字化)of everyday life.

　　Set to open in 2024, the ￡188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.

　　As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea,_the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.

　　Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”

　　The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.

　　Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虛擬的)LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.

　　Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are also working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development. And The People's Archice is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.

　　Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the library's

　　content and services open to citizens as never before.”

　　投資數百萬英鎊的伯明翰新建圖書館將會是目前很有代表性的數字化圖書館，在這樣的圖書館，人們將會體驗新的閱覽工具，并且能夠真正做圖書館的主人，即：能夠參與圖書內容的增補與建議。

　　9．The underlined part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of ________.

　　A．the equipment

　　B．the project

　　C．the digital media

　　D．the physical library

　　答案：B。詞義猜測題。根據下一句話的信息詞“the project is already providing...”可以斷定此處的代詞its 指的就是the project。

　　10．While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can ________.

　　A．get a general idea of the LoB

　　B．meet many world-famous experts

　　C．learn how to

　　put up a library building

　　D．understand

　　how the specialists work on the project

　　答案：A。細節判斷題。在倒數第三段中，信息句“Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB...”可以給以提示：即：公眾可以很好地了解LoB的具體情況，即同選項A所說的一樣。

　　11．Which of the following is TRUE of the LoB when it opens?

　　a．It offers better learning tools.

　　b．It reaches users in different ways.

　　c．It provides users with smart phones.

　　d．It allows users to enrich its material.

　　e．It gives non-stop physical and digital services.

　　A．a，b，d

　　B．a，c，e

　　C．b，c，d

　　D．b，d，e

　　答案：A。細節判斷題。 在文章的第三段中提到這樣“right tools for learning”“used through many different ways ”以及倒數第二段的最后“add to and comment on the material”都表明了關于開放時的LoB的情況，即同選項A。

　　12．The text is most probably taken from ________.

　　A．a computer book B．a library guide

　　C．a project handbookD．a newspaper report

　　答案：D。文章出處判斷題。既然是針對于公眾的信息，應該是面對普通公眾，即選擇最大眾化的媒體，即資訊報道。

　　D

　　(·陜西卷，D)

　　Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM, 轉基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world，mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would，is it the best solution?

　　Despite what it promises，GM

　　technology actually has not increased the production potential(潛力)of any crop. In fact studies show that the most widely grown GM crop, GM soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. For instance, a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.

　　Something else, however, has been on the rise. While GM seeds are expensive, GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides(殺蟲劑). On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “The

　　promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But neither is true，” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.

　　At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 World Bank report.

　　As a matter of fact，scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.

　　主要講轉基因技術并不是解決世界饑餓問題最好的方式。

　　13．The author develops the second paragraph mainly________.

　　A. by classification

　　B. by comparison

　　C. by example

　　D. by process

　　答案：C。寫作手法題中的段落行文題。根據第二段第三行的for instance(例如)可知，C項(by example通過舉例)正確，排除by classification“通過分類”/by comparison“通過類比”/by process“根據事物發展流程”。

　　14．What does the underlined word “boost” in the third paragraph probably mean?

　　A. Control.

　　B. Evaluate.

　　C. Obtain.

　　D. Increase.

　　答案：D。詞義猜測題。

　　control控制；evaluate評估，評價；obtain獲得；increase增加，提高，根據前后文可知，boost在此相當于increase(增加生產量)。

　　15．GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from________.

　　A. practising “green” farming

　　B. use of less chemicals

　　C. fair distribution of their crops D. using more crops for fuel

　　答案：B。事實細節題。通過題干中promise和 benefit from分別定位到文章第三段第二行和第四行引號部分就可選出答案。

　　16．Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?

　　A. Optimistic.

　　B. Defensive.

　　C. Disapproving.

　　D. Casual.

　　答案：C。態度觀點題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講轉基因技術并不是解決世界饑餓問題最好的方式。A樂觀的；B保護的；C不贊成的；D隨便的，漫不經心的。顯然C項是作者對于轉基因技術的態度。

　　E

　　(·安徽卷，E)

　　George Prochnik would like the world to_put_a_sock_in_it. He makes his case in a new book, listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice)：