記敘文的寫作技巧

記敘文是以敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和事物的發(fā)展變化過程為主要表現(xiàn)形式的一種文體。記敘文既可以以寫人為主，又可以以寫事為主。寫記敘文要注意記敘文的六大要素即：

時(shí)間(When) 何時(shí)發(fā)生，有沒有具體時(shí)間?

地點(diǎn)(Where) 何地發(fā)生，有沒有地點(diǎn)變化?

人物(Who) 何人參與，誰是主角?

事件(What) 發(fā)生了什么，有何特點(diǎn)?

原因(Why) 事件的起因?

結(jié)果(How) 事件的經(jīng)過及結(jié)局?

一般說來，在一篇記敘文中這六大要素是缺一不可的。

記敘文的思路就圍繞這六大要素充分展開。

【例】英語四級(jí)考試中，只出現(xiàn)過一次專門的記敘文體裁的寫作，即An Early Morning Walk(1988.6.)，2003年6月出現(xiàn)過包含記敘文的作文，即An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident。

對(duì)于An Early Morning Walk，知道命題要求后，我們就要開始構(gòu)思了。

When：題目已規(guī)定了是清晨，在這個(gè)時(shí)候，我去散步。

Where：到哪兒散步?去公園?在校園里?在街上(街上空氣不好，還是不去!)。

Who：在公園里看到晨練的人：中老年人、年輕人、小孩子;在校園里看到讀書背單詞的學(xué)生。

What：人們熱火朝天地做操，隨音樂跳舞，打球，等等。

Why：清晨空氣清新，適合鍛煉;一日之際在于晨，背背書，讀讀單詞。

當(dāng)然，由這個(gè)題目可以令人想到很多東西，因篇幅所限，我們做了刪減。

參考范文

An Early Morning Walk

One morning I got up very early, and everything around was very quiet. The sun had just risen, shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk. There were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees. I strolled along the street toward the park, breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy.

When I arrived at the park, I found, to my surprise, that there were so many people there. Men and women, boys and girls, all were enjoying themselves in their various activities. Some were doing morning exercises, some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.

I wandered around the park. To my delight, I found a few middle-school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park. I went up and spoke to them in English. We soon became friends. I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English. On the way home, I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful. Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.

敘述一場(chǎng)交通事故

A: 根據(jù)以下提示敘述一場(chǎng)交通事故：1)用第一人稱;2)短語提示：drive home at about 30 kilometers an hour;it was dark;a small girl chased a dog;not hit her but hit a car in the other direction3)寫出作者對(duì)此交通意外的感想。

參考范文

Last night I was driving home from work. I had an accident. I was following behind a truck, driving at about 30 kilometers an hour. I was watching the traffic carefully because it was getting dark.

Suddenly a small girl ran onto the road from the left. She was chasing a dog and she wasnt paying any attention to the traffic. I immediately applied the brakes and turned the steering wheel quickly to the right.

The girl jumped towards the side of the road as soon as she saw my car. Fortunately I did not hit her, but I hit a car coming in the other direction. Luckily I was not driving very fast so the damage was not serious. It is better to damage a car than to injure a young child, I thought to myself.

B: 以第一人稱寫一篇記敘文，講述在旅行中經(jīng)歷的一件小事。

參考范文

Go on a Mediterranean Journey

My wife and I have always enjoyed traveling by sea，and last year we decided to go on a Mediterranean journey. Although our holiday was rather expensive we thought that the high standard of accommodation, the first-class food and the many interesting places we saw were well worth the price we paid.

We found that most of the other passengers were friendly and interesting, but there was one man, a Mr. James, who irritated and annoyed us. Whatever subject we talked about, it seemed that he was an expert at it. He had, apparently, read more books, visited more countries and studied more languages, than anyone else had. After a few days, we ate our meals in silence, because nobody wanted to begin a conversation that would soon be taken over by this man.

Then my wife had an idea. She suggested that we might think of an unusual subject, look it up in an encyclopedia and then talk about it at dinner. If it were an unusual subject, Mr. James could not possibly know anything about it. The subject we chose was English Agriculture in the Eleventh Century. At dinner that night we discussed this subject with great enthusiasm. Mr. James was silent. We realized we had at last come to find something he knew nothing about.

記敘文的寫作技巧

記敘文是以敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和事物的發(fā)展變化過程為主要表現(xiàn)形式的一種文體。記敘文既可以以寫人為主，又可以以寫事為主。寫記敘文要注意記敘文的六大要素即：

時(shí)間(When) 何時(shí)發(fā)生，有沒有具體時(shí)間?

地點(diǎn)(Where) 何地發(fā)生，有沒有地點(diǎn)變化?

人物(Who) 何人參與，誰是主角?

事件(What) 發(fā)生了什么，有何特點(diǎn)?

原因(Why) 事件的起因?

結(jié)果(How) 事件的經(jīng)過及結(jié)局?

一般說來，在一篇記敘文中這六大要素是缺一不可的。

記敘文的思路就圍繞這六大要素充分展開。

【例】英語四級(jí)考試中，只出現(xiàn)過一次專門的記敘文體裁的寫作，即An Early Morning Walk(1988.6.)，2003年6月出現(xiàn)過包含記敘文的作文，即An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident。

對(duì)于An Early Morning Walk，知道命題要求后，我們就要開始構(gòu)思了。

When：題目已規(guī)定了是清晨，在這個(gè)時(shí)候，我去散步。

Where：到哪兒散步?去公園?在校園里?在街上(街上空氣不好，還是不去!)。

Who：在公園里看到晨練的人：中老年人、年輕人、小孩子;在校園里看到讀書背單詞的學(xué)生。

What：人們熱火朝天地做操，隨音樂跳舞，打球，等等。

Why：清晨空氣清新，適合鍛煉;一日之際在于晨，背背書，讀讀單詞。

當(dāng)然，由這個(gè)題目可以令人想到很多東西，因篇幅所限，我們做了刪減。

參考范文

An Early Morning Walk

One morning I got up very early, and everything around was very quiet. The sun had just risen, shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk. There were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees. I strolled along the street toward the park, breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy.

When I arrived at the park, I found, to my surprise, that there were so many people there. Men and women, boys and girls, all were enjoying themselves in their various activities. Some were doing morning exercises, some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.

I wandered around the park. To my delight, I found a few middle-school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park. I went up and spoke to them in English. We soon became friends. I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English. On the way home, I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful. Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.

敘述一場(chǎng)交通事故

A: 根據(jù)以下提示敘述一場(chǎng)交通事故：1)用第一人稱;2)短語提示：drive home at about 30 kilometers an hour;it was dark;a small girl chased a dog;not hit her but hit a car in the other direction3)寫出作者對(duì)此交通意外的感想。

參考范文

Last night I was driving home from work. I had an accident. I was following behind a truck, driving at about 30 kilometers an hour. I was watching the traffic carefully because it was getting dark.

Suddenly a small girl ran onto the road from the left. She was chasing a dog and she wasnt paying any attention to the traffic. I immediately applied the brakes and turned the steering wheel quickly to the right.

The girl jumped towards the side of the road as soon as she saw my car. Fortunately I did not hit her, but I hit a car coming in the other direction. Luckily I was not driving very fast so the damage was not serious. It is better to damage a car than to injure a young child, I thought to myself.

B: 以第一人稱寫一篇記敘文，講述在旅行中經(jīng)歷的一件小事。

參考范文

Go on a Mediterranean Journey

My wife and I have always enjoyed traveling by sea，and last year we decided to go on a Mediterranean journey. Although our holiday was rather expensive we thought that the high standard of accommodation, the first-class food and the many interesting places we saw were well worth the price we paid.

We found that most of the other passengers were friendly and interesting, but there was one man, a Mr. James, who irritated and annoyed us. Whatever subject we talked about, it seemed that he was an expert at it. He had, apparently, read more books, visited more countries and studied more languages, than anyone else had. After a few days, we ate our meals in silence, because nobody wanted to begin a conversation that would soon be taken over by this man.

Then my wife had an idea. She suggested that we might think of an unusual subject, look it up in an encyclopedia and then talk about it at dinner. If it were an unusual subject, Mr. James could not possibly know anything about it. The subject we chose was English Agriculture in the Eleventh Century. At dinner that night we discussed this subject with great enthusiasm. Mr. James was silent. We realized we had at last come to find something he knew nothing about.