Passage Three

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity.

　　Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitable equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp(入口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a transition lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic.

　　Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.

　　21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways .

　　A) are being planned C) are now in wide use

　　B) are being modified D) are under construction

　　22. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that .

　　A)it would require only minor changes to existing highways

　　B)it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiency

　　C)it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehicles

　　D) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles

　　23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?

　　A)Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.

　　B)A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.

　　C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.

　　D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.

　　24. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane .

　　A)by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional lane

　　B)by way of a ramp with electronic control devices

　　C) through a specially guarded gate

　　D) after all trespassers are identified and removed

　　25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver .

　　A)should harmonize with newly entering cars

　　B)doesnt have to rely on his computer system

　　C) should watch out for potential accidents

　　D) doesnt have to hold on to the steering wheel .

　　答案：

　　21.A 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.D

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity.

　　Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitable equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp(入口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a transition lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic.

　　Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.

　　21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways .

　　A) are being planned C) are now in wide use

　　B) are being modified D) are under construction

　　22. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that .

　　A)it would require only minor changes to existing highways

　　B)it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiency

　　C)it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehicles

　　D) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles

　　23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?

　　A)Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.

　　B)A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.

　　C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.

　　D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.

　　24. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane .

　　A)by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional lane

　　B)by way of a ramp with electronic control devices

　　C) through a specially guarded gate

　　D) after all trespassers are identified and removed

　　25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver .

　　A)should harmonize with newly entering cars

　　B)doesnt have to rely on his computer system

　　C) should watch out for potential accidents

　　D) doesnt have to hold on to the steering wheel .

　　答案：

　　21.A 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.D