1. While people in other countries in the world were trying to catch wild animals and birds and were still collecting seeds and nuts, farmers in China were developing the science of agriculture. 當(dāng)別的國(guó)家的人們還在努力捕獵禽獸、采集果實(shí)時(shí)，中國(guó)的農(nóng)民就已經(jīng)在從事農(nóng)業(yè)研究了。

　　了解引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句的三個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞 when, while, as 的區(qū)別: while 的含義是during the time that 表示時(shí)間段或過(guò)程，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的行為或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。如：While I was reading, the telephone rang. 我正看書(shū)時(shí)電話響了。when 的含義是at or during that time, 既可以用于指時(shí)間一點(diǎn)(從句謂語(yǔ)需用終止性動(dòng)詞),也可用于指時(shí)間段(從句謂語(yǔ)需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)。如：When the firefighters arrived, we had already put out the big fire. 當(dāng)救火隊(duì)員到來(lái)時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)把大火撲滅了(前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作不同時(shí)發(fā)生)。When I woke up, Mum was preparing breakfast. 當(dāng)我醒來(lái)時(shí)，媽媽正在準(zhǔn)備早餐。as 側(cè)重的是主句和從句中的行為同時(shí)發(fā)生，通常譯為隨著...或一邊...一邊...。如: As you grow, you know more and more. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你的知識(shí)越來(lái)越豐富。

　　2. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones that had the best colour. 他建議農(nóng)民挑選最好的谷穗，即那些顏色最好的谷穗。

　　the ones在本句中是同位語(yǔ)，后接定語(yǔ)從句。如：He offered me some books, the ones that are both interesting and instructive. 他提供給我一些書(shū)籍，既有趣又有教育意義。My mother advises me to make good friends, the ones that can help each other. 我母親建議我交好朋友，也就是能互相幫助的朋友。

　　　1. Whats the weather going to be like at the weekend? 周末的天氣怎樣？問(wèn)天氣也可用How is the weather going to be?

　　2. Then he returned home and spent his time on research into agriculture. 然后他回到家鄉(xiāng)，把時(shí)間用在農(nóng)業(yè)研究上。research into對(duì)進(jìn)行研究：The doctor carried out a research into healthy food. 這位大夫?qū)】凳称愤M(jìn)行了研究。

　　3. He collected information, studied it, did experiments and learnt from the experiences of farmers. 他收集、研究資料，進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，并學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)民的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。experience 有兩個(gè)意思：①經(jīng)歷(可數(shù))：He told us about his experiences in Africa. 他給我們講述了他在非洲的經(jīng)歷。②經(jīng)驗(yàn)(通常不可數(shù))：Have you got much experience in/of teaching? 你教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富嗎？

　　4. Then he said that they should be hung up to dry. 他說(shuō)這些谷穗應(yīng)掛起來(lái)晾干。掌握hang的用法：①懸掛(hung; hung): She hung her wet clothes out on the line. 她把濕衣服晾在繩子上。The trees were thickly hung with fruit. 樹(shù)上果實(shí)累累。②吊死(hanged; hanged): He was hanged for murder. 他因謀殺而被絞死。

　　5. In the following spring, the seeds should be knocked out of the seed-heads and sown. 第二年春天，種子應(yīng)該從谷穗上敲打下來(lái)，然后播種。形容詞following 緊接著、下一個(gè): It rained on the day we arrived, but the following day was sunny. 我們到達(dá)的那天正下雨，但次日天氣晴朗。

　　6. He studied how to improve soil conditions. 他還研究了怎樣改造土壤狀況。condition 作單數(shù)的時(shí)候，表示人或物所處的具體狀態(tài)，這時(shí)候它的意義相當(dāng)于state.如：The doctor said that the patient was in good condition. 醫(yī)生說(shuō)病人狀況不錯(cuò)。用作復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，指一般情況，偏重于環(huán)境。如：They were interested in living conditions in Canada. 他們對(duì)加拿大的居住環(huán)境感興趣。

　　7. Here are five pieces of advice collected from Jia Sixies book Qi Min Yao Shu: 這是從賈思勰的《齊民要術(shù)》一書(shū)收集到的五條建議：這是倒裝句。又：Here are some examples. 這里有一些例子。Heres your watch. 這是你的手表。但主語(yǔ)是代詞不倒裝：Here they are. 再提醒：不能說(shuō)advices或an advice，應(yīng)說(shuō) some advice 或 a piece of advice。

　　8. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will harvest good crops. 但如果你頭一年在這塊地里種水稻，第二年則在這塊地里種小麥，就會(huì)獲得好收成。掌握harvest的用法：①名詞：gather in the harvest of corn 收獲玉米；have another good harvest 又有一個(gè)好收成 ②動(dòng)詞：The farmers are out harvesting the corn. 農(nóng)民們?cè)谕馐崭钋f稼。

　　1. While people in other countries in the world were trying to catch wild animals and birds and were still collecting seeds and nuts, farmers in China were developing the science of agriculture. 當(dāng)別的國(guó)家的人們還在努力捕獵禽獸、采集果實(shí)時(shí)，中國(guó)的農(nóng)民就已經(jīng)在從事農(nóng)業(yè)研究了。

　　了解引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句的三個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞 when, while, as 的區(qū)別: while 的含義是during the time that 表示時(shí)間段或過(guò)程，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的行為或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。如：While I was reading, the telephone rang. 我正看書(shū)時(shí)電話響了。when 的含義是at or during that time, 既可以用于指時(shí)間一點(diǎn)(從句謂語(yǔ)需用終止性動(dòng)詞),也可用于指時(shí)間段(從句謂語(yǔ)需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)。如：When the firefighters arrived, we had already put out the big fire. 當(dāng)救火隊(duì)員到來(lái)時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)把大火撲滅了(前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作不同時(shí)發(fā)生)。When I woke up, Mum was preparing breakfast. 當(dāng)我醒來(lái)時(shí)，媽媽正在準(zhǔn)備早餐。as 側(cè)重的是主句和從句中的行為同時(shí)發(fā)生，通常譯為隨著...或一邊...一邊...。如: As you grow, you know more and more. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你的知識(shí)越來(lái)越豐富。

　　2. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones that had the best colour. 他建議農(nóng)民挑選最好的谷穗，即那些顏色最好的谷穗。

　　the ones在本句中是同位語(yǔ)，后接定語(yǔ)從句。如：He offered me some books, the ones that are both interesting and instructive. 他提供給我一些書(shū)籍，既有趣又有教育意義。My mother advises me to make good friends, the ones that can help each other. 我母親建議我交好朋友，也就是能互相幫助的朋友。

　　　1. Whats the weather going to be like at the weekend? 周末的天氣怎樣？問(wèn)天氣也可用How is the weather going to be?

　　2. Then he returned home and spent his time on research into agriculture. 然后他回到家鄉(xiāng)，把時(shí)間用在農(nóng)業(yè)研究上。research into對(duì)進(jìn)行研究：The doctor carried out a research into healthy food. 這位大夫?qū)】凳称愤M(jìn)行了研究。

　　3. He collected information, studied it, did experiments and learnt from the experiences of farmers. 他收集、研究資料，進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，并學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)民的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。experience 有兩個(gè)意思：①經(jīng)歷(可數(shù))：He told us about his experiences in Africa. 他給我們講述了他在非洲的經(jīng)歷。②經(jīng)驗(yàn)(通常不可數(shù))：Have you got much experience in/of teaching? 你教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富嗎？

　　4. Then he said that they should be hung up to dry. 他說(shuō)這些谷穗應(yīng)掛起來(lái)晾干。掌握hang的用法：①懸掛(hung; hung): She hung her wet clothes out on the line. 她把濕衣服晾在繩子上。The trees were thickly hung with fruit. 樹(shù)上果實(shí)累累。②吊死(hanged; hanged): He was hanged for murder. 他因謀殺而被絞死。

　　5. In the following spring, the seeds should be knocked out of the seed-heads and sown. 第二年春天，種子應(yīng)該從谷穗上敲打下來(lái)，然后播種。形容詞following 緊接著、下一個(gè): It rained on the day we arrived, but the following day was sunny. 我們到達(dá)的那天正下雨，但次日天氣晴朗。

　　6. He studied how to improve soil conditions. 他還研究了怎樣改造土壤狀況。condition 作單數(shù)的時(shí)候，表示人或物所處的具體狀態(tài)，這時(shí)候它的意義相當(dāng)于state.如：The doctor said that the patient was in good condition. 醫(yī)生說(shuō)病人狀況不錯(cuò)。用作復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，指一般情況，偏重于環(huán)境。如：They were interested in living conditions in Canada. 他們對(duì)加拿大的居住環(huán)境感興趣。

　　7. Here are five pieces of advice collected from Jia Sixies book Qi Min Yao Shu: 這是從賈思勰的《齊民要術(shù)》一書(shū)收集到的五條建議：這是倒裝句。又：Here are some examples. 這里有一些例子。Heres your watch. 這是你的手表。但主語(yǔ)是代詞不倒裝：Here they are. 再提醒：不能說(shuō)advices或an advice，應(yīng)說(shuō) some advice 或 a piece of advice。

　　8. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will harvest good crops. 但如果你頭一年在這塊地里種水稻，第二年則在這塊地里種小麥，就會(huì)獲得好收成。掌握harvest的用法：①名詞：gather in the harvest of corn 收獲玉米；have another good harvest 又有一個(gè)好收成 ②動(dòng)詞：The farmers are out harvesting the corn. 農(nóng)民們?cè)谕馐崭钋f稼。